Pyrolytic degradation kinetics of HIPS, ABS, PC and their blends with PP and PVC

Roussi, Aristea T.; Vouvoudi, Evangelia C.; Achilias, Dimitris S.

doi:10.1016/j.tca.2020.178705

Cited by 24 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In order to determine whether the thermal treatments performed on ABS samples modify their composition, thermogravimetric tests have been carried out [ 28 , 37 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From an inspection of the DTG curves, it is clear that the main degradation of ABS takes place in two steps. The first degradation step corresponds to the loss of the volatile compounds [ 37 , 38 ]. The second step corresponds to the breaking of the stronger bonds from the reticulated product of the first step, referring mainly to the scission of C-C main chain bonds [ 38 , 39 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of a Powder Mould in the Post-Process Thermal Treatment of ABS Parts Manufactured with FDM Technology

et al. 2021

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The post-process thermal treatment of thermoplastics improves their mechanical properties, but causes deformations in parts, making them unusable. This work proposes a powder mould to prevent dimensional part deformation and studies the influence of line building direction in part deformations in a post-process thermal treatment of 3D printed polymers. Two sets of ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) test samples manufactured by fused deposition modelling (FDM) in six different raster directions have been treated and evaluated. One set has been packed with a ceramic powder mould during thermal treatment to evaluate deformations and mould effectiveness. Thermogravimetric tests have been carried out on ABS samples, concluding that the thermal treatment of the samples does not cause degradations in the polymeric material. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to study internal building geometry and mould influence on part deformation after the thermal treatment. It can be concluded that powder mould considerably reduces dimensional deformations during the thermal treatment process, with length being the most affected dimension for deformation. Attending to the length, mould effectiveness is greater than 80% in comparison to non-usage of moulding, reaching 90% when the building lines are in the same direction as the main part.

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“…In order to determine whether the thermal treatments performed on ABS samples modify their composition, thermogravimetric tests have been carried out [ 28 , 37 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of a Powder Mould in the Post-Process Thermal Treatment of ABS Parts Manufactured with FDM Technology

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Several analytical methods that utilize the TGA data are used to determine the kinetic parameters 61‐63 . Amongst various approaches, iso‐conversional analysis may be performed at multiple heating rates in order to analyze the kinetics of the thermal degradation processes apart from the monitoring of the mass loss as a function of temperature during TGA runs 64,65 . In these methods, the activation energy is a function conversion which provides comprehensive knowledge during the entire thermal decomposition 66 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A combined phenomenological artificial neural network approach for determination of pyrolysis and combustion kinetics of polyvinyl chloride

Özsin

Takan

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary As a widely used plastic material polyvinyl chloride (PVC) accounts for a significant amount of plastic waste but also offers great potential in conversion to chemical feedstock via pyrolysis process. However, development of a sensitive mathematical approach is required for proper process design and monitoring of thermochemical conversion processes. In this work, we attempt to develop an artificial neural network (ANN) model for estimation of mass loss as a function of temperature and heating rate during pyrolysis and combustion of PVC. For this purpose, pyrolysis and combustion characteristics were quantified using thermogravimetric analysis, then non‐isothermal kinetics were analysed by iso‐conversional models. The results of ANN models show that this method helps predict complex systems with high regression coefficient (R2) values. The best performed model analysed by ANN for pyrolysis was NN 7 with R2 = 0.9993, the best performed model for combustion was NN 10 with R2 = 0.9982. Comparison of experimental results to ANN predictions indicates that ANNs with a quick propagation algorithm can be an effective approach for modelling complex non‐linear systems such as thermal degradation of thermoplastics.

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“…PLASTICS PYROLYSIS The determination of reaction kinetics and the mechanism of waste plastics pyrolysis offers advantages in terms of understanding structural characteristics, effects of various parameters, and product distribution. 314,315 volatiles in complex mixtures. A combined study of weight loss and kinetic parameters obtained from TGA with simultaneous detection of functional groups in volatile species by FT-IR provides significant understanding over the mechanism and kinetics of the reaction.…”

Section: Kinetic and Mechanistic Aspects Of Wastementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The determination of reaction kinetics and the mechanism of waste plastics pyrolysis offers advantages in terms of understanding structural characteristics, effects of various parameters, and product distribution. , Recent advances in ascertaining losses of volatiles during polymer degradation and subsequent characteristic analysis involved coupling of two or more conventional techniques. These advanced techniques provide complete information on volatiles including unstable products and even intermediate species, which is otherwise unfeasible.…”

Section: Kinetic and Mechanistic Aspects Of Waste Plastics Pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermochemical Recycling of Waste Plastics by Pyrolysis: A Review

et al. 2021

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The increasing demand for plastics for their widespread applications has ultimately resulted in accumulation of substantial plastic waste, which remains a concern due to limited efforts, inadequacy, and environmental distresses of conventional techniques for waste plastics remediation. The enhanced production of raw materials for polymer syntheses has a dual impact on our ecosystem by causing rapid depletion of nonrenewable petroleum resources and waste generation. To address this situation, researchers have adopted advanced thermochemical recycling processes to produce intermediate products of the petrochemical industries including monomers, fuels, and other value-added products. Such practices can potentially serve the purpose of a circular economy. This review aims to cover the recent highlights in the field of waste plastics pyrolysis including critical observations from the past to provide precise understanding. Consequently, the reactivities and product distributions for plastic feeds, pyrolysis reactors, roles of catalysts, and effects of operating parameters on reactivity and selectivity have been covered. Coprocessing of plastic waste with radioactive materials, biomass, and heavy petroleum residue is also discussed. Furthermore, an overview on kinetics and mechanistic aspects of plastic pyrolysis is presented with a discussion on relevant analytical techniques. The applications of pyrolysis oil as a fuel or fuel additive are comprised in a separate section. Lastly, comparisons of existing chemical recycling technologies, summaries of commercial operations, and future projections are provided.

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Pyrolytic degradation kinetics of HIPS, ABS, PC and their blends with PP and PVC

Cited by 24 publications

References 49 publications

Effect of a Powder Mould in the Post-Process Thermal Treatment of ABS Parts Manufactured with FDM Technology

Effect of a Powder Mould in the Post-Process Thermal Treatment of ABS Parts Manufactured with FDM Technology

A combined phenomenological artificial neural network approach for determination of pyrolysis and combustion kinetics of polyvinyl chloride

Thermochemical Recycling of Waste Plastics by Pyrolysis: A Review

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