Pyroptosis, a new bridge to tumor immunity

Abstract

Environmental factors and genetic mutation have caused cancer incidence and mortality to rapidly increase. Cancer has become one of the crucial causes of death worldwide, and is becoming a major public health problem. 1 The traditional core types of cancer treatment are surgery, chemo-therapy, and radiation therapy, which can reduce tumor cell proliferation by inducing cancer cell death. 2 However, accumulating evidence has shown that tumors often relapse and it has been suggested that successful oncotherapy requires prolonged antineoplastic immunity. 3 The field of cancer immunotherapy (CIT) has emerged in recent years and aims to stimulate the body's immune system to create a robust immune response that can kill cancer cells. 4 This type of treatment can induce immunogenic cell death in different ways and achieve long-term anticancer immunity. 5 Although the application of CIT has been considered for a broad range of tumors, only a minority of patients achieve a satisfactory treatment effect due to immune escape. These results indicate that the immune system is intricate and still not well managed. 6 Thus, it is necessary to explore the mechanisms involved in CIT to develop more efficient methods of treatment for better cancer prevention and treatment.

Comprehensive Analysis of Pyroptosis-Related Long Noncoding RNA Immune Infiltration and Prediction of Prognosis in Patients with Colon Cancer

“…Some researchers have pointed out that the immune microenvironment is related to pyroptosis-related genes [ 15 ]. Immune checkpoints (PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4) were evaluated differently in two groups.…”

“…The holes burst, and the contents flow out [ 14 ]. Pyroptosis has been implicated in tumour development, mortality, and the tumour immune microenvironment in numerous studies [ 15 ]. Increasing data are proving that pyroptosis is important in the onset and development of cancers [ 16 – 19 ].…”

The Pyroptosis-Related Gene Signature Predicts the Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

“…Pyroptosis serves as a bridge between the immune system and the tumor ( Li et al, 2021 ). Its activation in immune cells and cancer cells will cause the release of inflammatory chemokines and subsequent immune cell infiltration, activating the tumor microenvironment and improving the tumor’s efficiency of immunotherapy ( Xia et al, 2019 ; Vietri et al, 2020 ).…”

Myoglobin promotes macrophage polarization to M1 type and pyroptosis via the RIG-I/Caspase1/GSDMD signaling pathway in CS-AKI

“…Pyroptosis was first identified in infected macrophages in 1992 [ 15 ]. Researchers investigated that pyroptosis may play a mixed blessing role in the pathogenesis and treatment of the disease [ 16 ]. Nevertheless, the role of pyroptosis in macrophages in CS-AKI is not clear.…”