Pyrrolidines: Priveleged Structure in Bioactive Molecules and Synthesis

Abstract

Pyrrolidines constitute an important structural motif in natural and designed biologically active molecules. In addition, these heterocycles can be used for pharmaceutical purposesand ligands of transition metal catalysts.Pyrrolidines are also used as an effective chiral controller in various organic asymmetric transformations and are also being utilized in the synthesis of unnatural oligomers as scaffolds for various biological applications such as antidiabetic, anticancer, antimalarial, antiviral, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities. Consequently, the efficient synthesis of these heterocycles has been received significant attention and different strategies for their syntheses have been developed. Among all the methods for the synthesis, the [3+2] cycloaddition of azomethineylides with substituted olefins is a most powerful method to rapidly obtain highly substituted pyrrolidine rings. It is intended to present a brief description of the methods for the synthesis and biological activities of pyrrolidine derivatives.