Pyruvic Acid

Friedemann, Theodore E.; Haugen, Gladys E.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)72397-1

Cited by 1,545 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The reaction was started by addition of extract, samples (1 ml.) were removed at intervals and discharged into trichloroacetic acid solution (5 %, w/v), a precipitate was removed by centrifuging and the concentration of glyoxylate was determined by the method of Friedemann & Haugen (1943). Glyoxylate disappearance was catalysed only when acetate and ATP were both 0 20 40 60 80 Time (min.)…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidation of fatty acids by cell-free extracts of a vibrio

Callely

Dagley

Hodgson

1958

Biochemical Journal

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Cell-free extracts of Clo8tridium kluyveri catalyse the oxidation by molecular oxygen of certain fatty acids with four to eight carbon atoms (Stadtman & Barker, 1949a, b). Work with this obligate anaerobe has shed much light on mechanisms by which fatty acids are oxidized biologically (for reviews see Barker, 1951;Stadtman & Stadtman, 1953), but little progress has been made with aerobic microorganisms since hitherto it has not been possible to prepare from them extracts with biochemical activities comparable with those from C. kluyveri. Indeed, studies of enzyme induction in whole cells of Serratia marceacen8 gave results apparently opposed to ,B-oxidation of saturated fatty acids with 2 to 14 carbon atoms (Silliker & Rittenberg, 1951. It has been suggested (Stadtman & Stadtman, 1953), however, that in these experiments the enzymes induced may be those responsible for activation of the free fatty acids and not for their oxidation; and Ivler, Wolfe & Rittenberg (1955) have prepared an extract from P8eudomona8 fluore8cen8 which produced acetate from n-decanoate with the consumption of only 1 tmole of oxygen/umole of substrate, and which further suggested ,8-oxidation by its cofactor requirements and in the formation of a hydroxamate of n-decanoate. The evidence of Webley, Duff & Farmer (1955) strongly supported fioxidation as the mechanism of breakdown of wphenyl-substituted fatty acids by whole cells of Nocardia opaca. Various investigations (Dagley & Rodgers, 1953;Dagley & Johnson, 1956; Dagley & Walker, 1956) indicate that the tricarboxylic acid cycle operates for the vibrio used in the present work, and Krebs, Gurin & Eggleston (1952) have suggested that for micro-organisms generally the main function of the cycle is to provide intermediates for use in synthesis. When the carbon * Part 75: El Masri, Smith & Williams (1958).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidation of fatty acids by cell-free extracts of a vibrio

Callely

Dagley

Hodgson

1958

Biochemical Journal

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“…60-80'). 2-Oxoglutarate was determined: (1) as its DNP-hydrazone by the method of Friedemann & Haugen (1943); (2) by measuring the decrease in E340 in a 1 cm.-light-path cell after the addition of a sample of the solution to phosphate buffer, pH 7-1, 0-1mg.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The metabolism of 2-furoic acid by Pseudomonas F2

Trudgill

1969

Biochemical Journal

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1. Pseudomonas F2 isolated by enrichment culture on 2-furoic acid and grown with it as carbon source oxidized the compound with a Q(o) (2) of 170mul./mg. dry wt./hr. and the overall consumption of 2.5mumoles of oxygen/mumole of substrate. 2. In the presence of 1mm-sodium arsenite, oxygen uptake was restricted to 0.54mumole/mumole of 2-furoate oxidized, with the formation of 0.86mumole of 2-oxoglutarate/mumole of 2-furoate. 3. Cell suspensions, disrupted in a French pressure cell and centrifuged at 27000g, yielded supernatants capable of catalysing the slow oxidation of 2-furoate (0.17mumole/mg. of protein/hr.). 4. Fractionation of 27000g supernatants at 200000g yielded a soluble enzyme fraction capable of catalysing the oxidation of 2-furoate only in the presence of added 200000g pellet or of Methylene Blue. 5. The 2-furoate-stimulated uptake of oxygen or the anaerobic reduction of Methylene Blue by dialysed 27000g supernatant required the addition of ATP and CoA, and the rate of oxygen uptake was further enhanced by the addition of magnesium chloride and NAD(+). 6. The role of ATP and CoA in the formation of 2-furoyl-CoA was demonstrated by the accumulation of 2-furoylhydroxamic acid in the presence of hydroxylamine. 7. Dialysed 200000g supernatant, treated with Dowex 1, required the addition of ATP, CoA and Methylene Blue before it could oxidize 2-furoate to 2-oxoglutarate, which was trapped in unitary stoicheiometric yield as its phenylhydrazone. Magnesium chloride and NAD(+) were not stimulatory in this system. The oxidation of 2-furoate to 2-oxoglutarate was not inhibited by substrate analogues, metal ion-chelating agents, thiol-active compounds or inhibitors of cytochrome-mediated electron transport. 8. No evidence was obtained for the intervention of 2,5-dioxovalerate as an intermediate in 2-oxoglutarate formation.

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“…the clear supernatant solutions were also determined by the method of Friedemann & Haugen (1943); chromatography of the 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone of each sample showed that pyruvate was the sole keto acid, and each spectrum of the compound in alkaline solution was identical with that of an authentic sample of the 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone of pyruvate. The concentration of pyruvate increased and reached a maximum during the period when that of the compound presumed to be glycerate diminished rapidly (Fig.…”

Section: Oxidation Of Substrates By Whole Celle Of Pseudomonas (A)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chemical analyses. Glyoxylate and pyruvate were determined by the method of Friedemann & Haugen (1943).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%