Q penalties due to pump phase modulation and pump RIN in fiber optic parametric amplifiers with non-uniform dispersion

Boggio, J.M. Chávez; Guimarães, A. O.; Callegari, F.A.; Marconi, J.D.; Fragnito, H.L.

doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2005.01.056

Cited by 36 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…There is a hint of an emerging error floor for the 'Medium' pump power at ftsp = 195.5 THz, which then develops significantly under 'High' power pumping. The increase of the penalty with both pump power and frequency separation of pump and signal is consistent with previous results in single-polarization FOPAs whereby the pump phase modulation used to counteract SBS causes rapid gain and phase changes to the signals, impacting performance [17][18][19]. It is hoped that future research into strained HNLF [20], will reduce or eradicate this penalty source as currently it is unavoidable in a single pump FOPA employing pump phase modulation.…”

Section: Ber Characterization Of Hpl-fopasupporting

confidence: 85%

“…This is because there are numerous sources of potential penalty which cannot be captured via conventional measures such as optical noise figure. These sources would include pump-to-signal RIN or phase modulation (PM) transfer for example [17][18][19]. In the specific case of the HPL-FOPA, there is an additional potential source of penalty arising from non-optimized gain in the two pathsX/Y about the loop.…”

Section: Ber Characterization Of Hpl-fopamentioning

confidence: 99%

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20 dB net-gain polarization-insensitive fiber optical parametric amplifier with >2 THz bandwidth

Stephens¹,

Gordienko²,

Doran³

2017

Opt. Express

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A black-box polarization insensitive fiber optical parametric amplifier (PI-FOPA) is characterized for the first time using a commercial 127 Gb/s polarization-division multiplexed PDM-QPSK transponder within a multiplex of twenty-two equivalent DWDM signals across a 2.3 THz bandwidth portion of the C-band. The PI-FOPA employs a recently demonstrated diversity loop arrangement comprising two lengths of highly nonlinear fiber (HNLF) with the parametric pump being removed after the first HNLF in both directions about the loop. This arrangement is named the Half-Pass Loop FOPA or HPL-FOPA. In total, a record equivalent 2.3 Tb/s of data is amplified within the HPL-FOPA for three different pump power regimes producing net-gains of 10 dB, 15 dB and 20 dB (averaged over all signals). For the latter two regimes, the gain bandwidth is observed to extend considerably beyond the C-band, illustrating the potential for this design to amplify signals over bandwidths commensurate with the EDFA and beyond. Under the 15 dB gain condition, the average OSNR penalty to achieve 10^-3 bit error rate for all twenty three signals was found to be 0.5 ± 0.3 dB. Worst case penalty was 0.8 ± 0.3 dB, verifying the use of the architecture for polarization insensitive operation. The growth of four-wave mixing signal-signal crosstalk is additionally characterized and found to be gain independent for a fixed output power per signal. A simple effective length model is developed which predicts this behavior and suggests a new configuration for significantly reduced crosstalk.

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Section: Ber Characterization Of Hpl-fopasupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Ber Characterization Of Hpl-fopamentioning

confidence: 99%

20 dB net-gain polarization-insensitive fiber optical parametric amplifier with >2 THz bandwidth

Stephens¹,

Gordienko²,

Doran³

2017

Opt. Express

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The phase modulation induces ~GHz gain fluctuations on the signals, thus effectively reducing SNR at the receiver. This has been shown to increase in severity away from the pump, and in particular for wavelengths beyond the gain peak [24][25][26]. This effect can be significantly reduced or removed by lowering the required level of pump phase modulation needed in the FOPA which can be accomplished by increasing the SBS threshold of the HNLF using an appropriate strain or temperature gradient [27], and will be the subject of further study.…”

Section: In-line Transmission System Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-line and cascaded DWDM transmission using a 15dB net-gain polarization-insensitive fiber optical parametric amplifier

Stephens¹,

Tan²,

Gordienko³

et al. 2017

Opt. Express

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We demonstrate and characterize polarization-division multiplexed (PDM) DWDM data transmission for the first time in a range of systems incorporating a net-gain polarization-insensitive fiber optical parametric amplifier (PI-FOPA) for loss compensation. The PI-FOPA comprises a modified diversity-loop architecture to achieve 15dB net-gain, and up to 2.3THz (~18nm) bandwidth. Three representative systems are characterized using a 100Gb/s PDM-QPSK signal in conjunction with emulated DWDM neighbouring channels: (a) a 4x75km in-line fiber transmission system incorporating multiple EDFAs and a single PI-FOPA (b) N cascaded PI-FOPA amplification stages in an unlevelled Nx25km recirculating loop arrangement, with no EDFAs used within the loop signal path, and (c) M cascaded PI-FOPA amplification stages as part of an Mx75.6km gain-flattened recirculating loop system with the FOPA compensating for the transmission fiber loss, and EDFA compensation for loop switching and levelling loss. For the 4x75km in-line system (a), we transmit 45x50GHz-spaced signals ('equivalent' data-rate of 4.5Tb/s) with average OSNR penalty of 1.3dB over the band at 10 BER. For the unlevelled 'FOPA-only' 25.2km cascaded system (b), we report a maximum of eight recirculations for all 10x100GHz-spaced signals, and five recirculations for 20x50GHz-spaced signals. For the 75.6km levelled system

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“…The principal reason for such a difference is that the ASE originated in the pump Erbium booster amplifier, that is not completely suppressed by the band-pass filter, is then amplified by the parametric amplifier. It is important to note that  S is placed within the frequency region where the signal performance is not affected by the phase modulation used to suppress the SBS (Boggio et al, 2005a). This region for conventional (non-modulated pump) PA is the region of maximum www.intechopen.com gain; however, the gain bandwidth does not remain the same when the pump transmits either a bit "1" or "0", thus the change in bandwidth also modifies the spectral regions where the PM affects the signal performance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, the gain has a local minimum (within the region of interest) when  = 0, and its value is Boggio et al, 2005a). In other words, the parametric gain will be high if  T is small.…”

Section: Theory Of Parametric Interactions In Optical Fibersmentioning

confidence: 99%

All-Optical Amplitude Multiplexing Through Fiber Parametric Interaction Between Binary Signals

Abbade¹,

Marconi²,

Fagotto³

et al. 2012

Optical Fiber Communications and Devices

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Q penalties due to pump phase modulation and pump RIN in fiber optic parametric amplifiers with non-uniform dispersion

Cited by 36 publications

References 33 publications

20 dB net-gain polarization-insensitive fiber optical parametric amplifier with >2 THz bandwidth

20 dB net-gain polarization-insensitive fiber optical parametric amplifier with >2 THz bandwidth

In-line and cascaded DWDM transmission using a 15dB net-gain polarization-insensitive fiber optical parametric amplifier

All-Optical Amplitude Multiplexing Through Fiber Parametric Interaction Between Binary Signals

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