Q-switched and vector soliton pulses from an Er-doped fiber laser with high stability based on a γ-graphyne saturable absorber

Abstract

The mode-locking operation is realized based on γ-graphyne for the first time, the vector nature of which is further studied. Additionally, an Er-doped Q-switched fiber laser with γ-graphyne as an optical switch is also firstly demonstrated.

Dissipative soliton breathing dynamics driven by desynchronization of orthogonal polarization states

“…This is in stark contrast to the previous vector DS breathing waveforms (breathers and QS-mode locked) observed experimentally and theoretically 34 – 36 …”

“…This is in stark contrast to the previous vector DS breathing waveforms (breathers and QS-mode locked) observed experimentally and theoretically. [34][35][36] Our results demonstrate that the slow vector DS breathing universally exists in a normal dispersion mode-locked fiber laser. Our investigation can contribute to the thoroughgoing understanding of DS and laser physics.…”

“…A recently developed dispersive Fourier transform technique explores conventional soliton breathing regimes, revealing a range of dynamic vector waveforms with the periods of oscillations from tens to hundreds of round trips under the paradigm of coupled Ginzburg–Landau equations 34 – 36 However, given the limitations of the theoretical and experimental study in the context of the dynamic range of tens of thousands of RTs, the slow evolution of the breathing waveforms up to hundreds of thousands of RTs is still absent 34 – 36 …”

“… – 36 However, given the limitations of the theoretical and experimental study in the context of the dynamic range of tens of thousands of RTs, the slow evolution of the breathing waveforms up to hundreds of thousands of RTs is still absent 34 – 36 …”

“…7 A recently developed dispersive Fourier transform technique explores conventional soliton breathing regimes, revealing a range of dynamic vector waveforms with the periods of oscillations from tens to hundreds of round trips under the paradigm of coupled Ginzburg-Landau equations. [34][35][36] However, given the limitations of the theoretical and experimental study in the context of the dynamic range of tens of thousands of RTs, the slow evolution of the breathing waveforms up to hundreds of thousands of RTs is still absent. [34][35][36] To fill this lacuna, for the first time, we believe that we have demonstrated a new type of slow soliton breathing dynamics, showing double temporal scale behavior, caused by a vector mechanism allowing the transition from the zero-lag synchronization to phase difference entrainment and finally desynchronization of orthogonal SOPs.…”