Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs)
recently have emerged as applicable
and eco-friendly harvesting devices. Numerous studies have been actively
conducted to fabricate a flexible and robust TENG with high-output
performance. Herein, a film-sponge-coupled TENG (FS-TENG) is proposed
using direct ultraviolet laser ablation, as a method for surface modification
of a polyimide (PI) film. This state-of-the-art method has advantages
of accuracy as well as time efficiency in creating the pattern on
the surface; thus, the pre-designed patterns can be precisely constructed
within only a minute. In the laser-ablated PI film, the structural
design and chemical modification on the surface are investigated related
to the triboelectric output performance. Thereafter, a sponge is fabricated
based on non-woven polyamide and silicone rubber, which can fully
contact with the micro-/nano-scaled structure on the surface of the
PI film. After an optimization, the FS-TENG exhibits 48.19 V of open-circuit
voltage and 1.243 μA of short-circuit current, which shows approximately
3 times enhanced electric performance compared to the FS-TENG using
a pristine PI film. The FS-TENG device demonstrates its robustness
through both mechanical stress and flexible stress by showing less
than 5% degradation after 50,000 cycles. On the basis of the high
flexibility and stability of the FS-TENG, a self-powered scoreboard
is successfully developed for lighting a scoreboard in a soccer field.
This feasible lighting system can be operated by harvesting the kinetic
energy of a soccer player without an additional power source. The
novel FS-TENG, thus, provides remarkable potential for a self-powered
indoor harvesting system.