Quackery as a Cause of Maxillofacial Infections and its Implications

Abstract

Background: In recent times, the prevalence of quackery in oral and maxillofacial practice has become rampant with complications, one of which is odontogenic infections. This study was aimed to identify how common quackery is among our patients with odontogenic infections and the outcome of the patients. Materials and Methods: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study of all patients presenting with odontogenic infections seen at the accident and emergency unit and the oral and maxillofacial surgery clinics of a tertiary hospital in North Central Nigeria from January 2017 to December 2021. Information obtained included sociodemographic characteristics, presenting complaints, duration of illness, prehospital care, diagnosis, duration of hospital stay, where the patient was first managed, what is the “doctor/dentist” status, and outcome. Results: A total of 237 patients were recruited with a male to female ratio of 1:1.3. The commonest presenting complaints were toothache and jaw swelling with patients been ill for up to 2 weeks before presenting. About 41.8% of the patients have a co-existing health condition, and 46.4% of the patients had tooth extraction by a quack, with 82.7% taking antibiotics prescribed by a chemist before presentation. About 11.0% of the patients died; 96.2% of those that died had their tooth extracted by quacks. Patients with preexisting health conditions and preadmission tooth extraction were more likely to die with odds ratio (OR) = 2.230; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.06–4.71 and OR = 28.9; 95% CI = 3.97–209.6, respectively. Conclusion: Quackery is very common in our society. The odds of death are increased in patients with odontogenic infection if the patient has a preexisting health condition and even more significant if they had their tooth extracted by quacks.

Global prevalence of quackery practices: a scoping review of definitions, regulations, and allied healthcare

“…46 In Nigeria, quackery is defined as attempt to describe the duplicitous misrepresentation of ability and experience for treatment and diagnosis of any disease. 79 Following the recommendations of WHO for recognising and regulating African traditional medicine (ATM), countries in Africa have undertaken measures to investigate and study traditional medicine. 2 However, there is still significant variation in national policies and regulations regarding traditional medicine among African countries.…”