Quadriceps muscle function following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: systemic differences in neural and morphological characteristics

Lepley, Adam S.; Grooms, Dustin R.; Burland, Julie P.; Davi, Steven M.; Kinsella-Shaw, Jeffrey; Lepley, Lindsey K.

doi:10.1007/s00221-019-05499-x

Cited by 85 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Further, such a paradigm can identify possible neural activity contributing to dysfunctional movement in those with injury . As prior investigations have reported altered motor cortex excitability with transcranial magnetic stimulation and brain activation patterns for engaging the quadriceps muscle after knee joint injury, this multijoint leg press motion may provide further insights into the neuroplasticity for motor control related to joint injuries. Also, the good to high reliability provides a foundation for studying changes in neural function related to neuromuscular training and rehabilitation, providing neurophysiologic therapeutic targets in addition to the current standard of muscle or functional targets.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

A Novel Approach to Evaluate Brain Activation for Lower Extremity Motor Control

Grooms

Diekfuss

Ellis

et al. 2019

Journal of Neuroimaging

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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess the consistency of a novel MR safe lower extremity motor control neuroimaging paradigm to elicit reliable sensorimotor region brain activity. METHODS Participants completed multiple sets of unilateral leg presses combining ankle, knee, and hip extension and flexion movements against resistance at a pace of 1.2 Hz while lying supine in a 3T MRI scanner. Regions of Interest (ROI) consisted of regions primarily involved in lower extremity motor control (right and left primary motor cortex, primary somatosensory cortex, premotor cortex, secondary somatosensory cortex, basal ganglia, and the cerebellum). RESULTS The group analysis based on mixed effects paired samples t‐test revealed no differences for brain activity between sessions (P > .05). Intraclass correlation coefficients in the sensorimotor regions were good to excellent for average percent signal change (.621 to .918) and Z‐score (.697 to .883), with the exception of the left secondary somatosensory cortex percent signal change (.165). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that a loaded lower extremity force production and attenuation task that simulates the range of motion of squatting, stepping, and landing from a jump is reliable for longitudinal neuroimaging applications and support the use of this paradigm in further studies examining therapeutic interventions and changes in dynamic lower extremity motor function.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

A Novel Approach to Evaluate Brain Activation for Lower Extremity Motor Control

Grooms

Diekfuss

Ellis

et al. 2019

Journal of Neuroimaging

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“…This evidence suggests that muscle atrophy may explain only a limited portion of the persistent quadriceps weakness that is common among individuals with ACL injury and ACLR. 4 Alternatively, a more nuanced view of muscle atrophy, in combination with changes in muscle pennation angle, 24 muscle fat content and fiber composition, 24,48 and neural activation of the muscle, 3,15,26,27 needs to be considered when describing the causes of quadriceps weakness in this population. Heterogenous findings were reported in studies that utilized CSA as the primary descriptor of quadriceps muscle size among individuals with ACL injury and those with ACLR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Quadriceps weakness is attributed to alterations in muscle morphology, and neurological drive . One of the hypothesized contributors to quadriceps function is quadriceps size .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Typical sequelae of ACL injury and surgical treatment include persistent quadriceps femoris strength deficits, which may remain at the time of return to activity despite targeted rehabilitation. 3,4 Postoperative quadriceps weakness may alter movement patterns, [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] decrease functional performance, [12][13][14][15][16][17] increase risk for reinjury, 18,19 and contribute to the thinning of femoral articular cartilage. [20][21][22][23] Consequently, understanding the underlying factors that contribute to the development and persistence of quadriceps weakness is of clinical importance for the prevention of adverse long-term patient outcomes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Quadriceps weakness is attributed to alterations in muscle morphology, [24][25][26] and neurological drive. 3,15,27 One of the hypothesized contributors to quadriceps function is quadriceps size. 26 The advent of computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technologies permit direct evaluation of post-operative changes in muscle size calculated as either a cross-sectional area (CSA) 12,[24][25][26] or a muscle volume, 28 which provide targeted and standardized estimates of affected musculature.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quadriceps Muscle Size Following ACL Injury and Reconstruction: A Systematic Review

Birchmeier

Lisee

Kane

et al. 2019

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Image‐based assessments of quadriceps muscle size facilitate examination of structural changes after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and reconstruction (ACLR). Understanding the effects of ACLR on muscle size measures may aid in clarifying the contribution of quadriceps atrophy toward quadriceps strength. The purpose of this study was to systematically review the literature examining the effects of ACLR on quadriceps muscle volume and cross‐sectional area (CSA). An online database search was conducted using Web of Science, SportDISCUS, PubMed (Medline), CINHAL (EBSCO), and Cochrane Library limited to articles published after January 1, 1980. Means and standard deviations were extracted for the ACLR limb and the contralateral limb, and sample characteristics from relevant articles. Magnitude of between limb differences were assessed using pooled effect sizes (Hedge's g) and 95% confidence intervals. Eleven articles (five CSA, six muscle volume) were included in this systematic review. Included studies reported negative effective sizes, indicating that the ACLR limb was smaller in CSA or muscle volume compared with the contralateral limb; however, 36% of the included articles reported meaningful difference between the limbs. Quadriceps atrophy may occur following ACL injury and persist after rehabilitation, however, the magnitude of these reductions may not be clinically meaningful and may only partially explain the persistent quadriceps weakness that is ubiquitous among this patient population. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:598–608, 2020

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The relationship between drop vertical jump action‐observation brain activity and kinesiophobia after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A cross‐sectional fMRI study

et al. 2023

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Background Injury and reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) result in central nervous system alteration to control the muscles around the knee joint. Most individuals with ACL reconstruction (ACLR) experience kinesiophobia which can prevent them from returning to activity and is associated with negative outcomes after ACLR. However, it is unknown if kinesiophobia alters brain activity after ACL injury. Objectives To compare brain activity between an ACLR group and matched uninjured controls during an action‐observation drop vertical jump (AO‐DVJ) paradigm and to explore the association between kinesiophobia and brain activity in the ACLR group. Methods This cross‐sectional study enrolled 26 individuals, 13 with ACLR (5 males and 8 females, 20.62 ± 1.93 years, 1.71 ± 0.1 m, 68.42 ± 14.75 kg) and 13 matched uninjured controls (5 males and 8 females, 22.92 ± 3.17 years, 1.74 ± 0.10 m, 70.48 ± 15.38 kg). Individuals were matched on sex and activity level. Participants completed the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia‐11 (TSK‐11) to evaluate the level of movement‐related fear. To assay the brain activity associated with a functional movement, the current study employed an action‐observation/motor imagery paradigm during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Results The ACLR group had lower brain activity in the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex relative to the uninjured control group. Brain activity of the left cerebellum Crus I and Crus II, the right cerebellum lobule IX, amygdala, middle temporal gyrus, and temporal pole were positively correlated with TSK‐11 scores in the ACLR group. Conclusion Brain activity for the AO‐DVJ paradigm was different between the ACLR group and uninjured controls. Secondly, in participants with ACLR, there was a positive relationship between TSK‐11 scores and activity in brain areas engaged in fear and cognitive processes during the AO‐DVJ paradigm.

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Quadriceps muscle function following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: systemic differences in neural and morphological characteristics

Cited by 85 publications

References 83 publications

A Novel Approach to Evaluate Brain Activation for Lower Extremity Motor Control

A Novel Approach to Evaluate Brain Activation for Lower Extremity Motor Control

Quadriceps Muscle Size Following ACL Injury and Reconstruction: A Systematic Review

The relationship between drop vertical jump action‐observation brain activity and kinesiophobia after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A cross‐sectional fMRI study

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