Quadruple domain-containing galectin from marine invertebrate disk abalone (Haliotis discus discus): Molecular perspectives in early development, immune expression, and potent antiviral responses

Construction of a Genetic Linkage Map Based on SNP Markers, QTL Mapping and Detection of Candidate Genes of Growth-Related Traits in Pacific Abalone Using Genotyping-by-Sequencing

“…Galectin gene plays an important role in diverse fundamental cellular processes such as growth regulation, lipid raft stabilization, protein apical trafficking, adhesion/migration and mediator release, cell adhesion, and wound healing (López-Lucendo et al, 2004;Cao and Guo, 2016). It has also been reported that galectins contribute to larval development of Pacific abalone (Sandamalika and Lee, 2020), muscle development in Drosophila (Pace et al, 2002) and chick muscle (Cooper and Barondes, 1990). The Gal-3 gene in Siniperca chuatsi was significantly upregulated in groups of fish with higher growth performance, suggesting that protein glycosylation might contribute to the growth performance of S. chuatsi (He et al, 2020).…”

The Role of Anti-Viral Effector Molecules in Mollusc Hemolymph

“…Galectins in molluscs have been shown to also act in a PRR-like manner, however their direct anti-pathogen roles have been mainly tested in response to bacterial and parasitic challenge, while very few investigations into the antiviral properties of mollusc galectins have been conducted [80,103]. Although a recent transcriptome analysis of oysters has shown that galectins are only upregulated following bacterial challenge, but absent during a viral challenge [104], a recent study showed that a quadruple galectin (AbGalec) from H. discus discus was upregulated by polyinosinic: polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C) and viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) injections [105]. In addition AbGalec was also able to neutralize VHSV infection within an in vitro culture system via an unknown mechanism [105].…”

“…Although a recent transcriptome analysis of oysters has shown that galectins are only upregulated following bacterial challenge, but absent during a viral challenge [104], a recent study showed that a quadruple galectin (AbGalec) from H. discus discus was upregulated by polyinosinic: polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C) and viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) injections [105]. In addition AbGalec was also able to neutralize VHSV infection within an in vitro culture system via an unknown mechanism [105]. It is clear that research into the anti-viral properties of this diverse family of novel galectins in molluscs is very limited, and moving forward, research should seek to investigate the potential antiviral properties of these novel proteins.…”

Identification and Characterization of a Novel Lectin from the Clam Glycymeris yessoensis and Its Functional Characterization under Microbial Stimulation and Environmental Stress

“…Lectins are proteins that possess at least one carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD), which specifically and reversibly binds to oligosaccharides (glycans) of glycoconjugates (glycoproteins, glycolipids, and proteoglycans). There is considerable interest in glycobiology relating to marine organisms and, in recent years, many lectins from marine invertebrates have been identified, including mollusks [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. Invertebrates, unlike vertebrates, lack antibody-mediated humoral immunity in their systems [ 8 , 9 ]; however, invertebrates do possess innate immunity: the host defense of mollusks and other invertebrates against pathogenic infection solely depends on various pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which bind conserved pathogen-associated molecular pattern molecules (PAMPs) expressed among the array of carbohydrate components on the surfaces of microorganisms.…”