Qualification of smart composites for use in aerospace applications

Herold-Schmidt, Ursula; Floeth, Erik; Schaefer, W. H.; Zaglauer, Helmut W.

doi:10.1117/12.274660

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…To overcome these material shortcomings, substantial research has been conducted on strain amplification architectures over the last decade [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40], these strategies normally result in point actuators with relatively small strains. To move toward distributed actuation, active composite architectures using piezoelectrics [41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53] and shape memory alloys [54][55][56][57][58][59][60] have been developed. While these smart material architectures have improved actuator performance, large strains (over 50%) with any reasonable force generation (tens to hundreds of Newtons) have remained elusive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A two-dimensional analytical model and experimental validation of garter stitch knitted shape memory alloy actuator architecture

Abel¹,

Luntz²,

Brei³

2012

Smart Mater. Struct.

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Active knits are a unique architectural approach to meeting emerging smart structure needs for distributed high strain actuation with simultaneous force generation. This paper presents an analytical state-based model for predicting the actuation response of a shape memory alloy (SMA) garter knit textile. Garter knits generate significant contraction against moderate to large loads when heated, due to the continuous interlocked network of loops of SMA wire. For this knit architecture, the states of operation are defined on the basis of the thermal and mechanical loading of the textile, the resulting phase change of the SMA, and the load path

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A two-dimensional analytical model and experimental validation of garter stitch knitted shape memory alloy actuator architecture

Abel¹,

Luntz²,

Brei³

2012

Smart Mater. Struct.

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“…Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) is the material used as the driving rod in the drive mechanism. It is used as a component for a wide variety of engineering applications, such as aircraft structures, automobiles, solar cells, among many others (Hancox 1972, HeroldSchmidt et al 1997, Ogisu et al 2005, Lee 2009, Rion et al 2009. For the friction plate, stainless steel is used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomechanical characterization of adaptive optics components in microprojectors

Palacio¹,

Bhushan²

2010

J. Micromech. Microeng.

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Compact microprojectors are being developed for information display in mobile electronic devices. A key component of the microprojector is the green laser package, which consists of an adaptive optics component with a drive mechanism. A crucial concern is the mechanical wear of key drive mechanism components, such as the carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) driving rod, the Zn alloy body and the stainless steel friction plate, after prolonged operation. Since friction and wear are dependent on the mechanical properties, nanoindentation experiments were conducted on these drive mechanism components using a depth-sensing nanoindenter at room and elevated temperatures up to 100 • C. The hardness and elastic modulus of all the materials studied decrease at increasing test temperatures. From plasticity index analysis, a correlation between the tendency for plastic deformation and the mechanical properties was obtained. Nanoscratch studies were also conducted in order to simulate wear, as well as examine the scratch resistance and deformation modes of these materials, where it was found that the CFRP rod exhibited the highest scratch resistance. The CFRP rod undergoes mostly brittle deformation, while the Zn alloy body and friction plate undergo plastic deformation.

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“…This first demonstrator passed performance tests on a 3D measurement machine and vibration qualification tests successfully [31] and met all specifications. In parallel a material and space qualification test programme of smart composite structures made of CFRP with different active piezoceramic and electrostrictive materials was carried out [32,33]. These tests comprised passive fatigue loading to account for launch loads, thermal cycling, and operational fatigue (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and manufacture of an adaptive lightweight mirror for space application

Dürr

Honke

Alberti³

et al. 2003

Smart Mater. Struct.

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Currently, scientific space missions based on interferometric optical and infrared astronomical instruments are under development in the United States as well as in Europe. These instruments require optical path length accuracy in the order of a few nanometres across structural dimensions of several metres. This puts extreme demands on static and dynamic structural stability. It is expected that actively controlled, adaptive structures will increasingly have to be used for these satellite applications to overcome the limits of passive structural accuracy. Based on the evaluation of different piezo-active concepts, analysis and design of an adaptive lightweight satellite mirror primarily made of carbon fibre reinforced plastic with embedded piezoceramic actuators for shape control is described. Simulation of global mirror performance takes different wavefront sensors and controls for several cases of loading into account. Extensive finite-element optimization of various structural details was performed while testing of active sub-components served as a basis for a final update of finite-element models. Local material properties of sub-assemblies or geometry effects at the edges of the structure were investigated with respect to their impact on mirror performance. The major result of the analysis was the lay-out of the adaptive mirror and the specific design of embedded piezoceramic actuators. Manufacture of structural components and successfully completed mirror integration is described. The paper concludes with an outline of testing, and space qualification of the demonstrator of an actively controllable lightweight satellite mirror currently under way.

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Qualification of smart composites for use in aerospace applications

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

A two-dimensional analytical model and experimental validation of garter stitch knitted shape memory alloy actuator architecture

A two-dimensional analytical model and experimental validation of garter stitch knitted shape memory alloy actuator architecture

Nanomechanical characterization of adaptive optics components in microprojectors

Development and manufacture of an adaptive lightweight mirror for space application

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