Qualitative analysis of products formed during the acid catalyzed liquefaction of bagasse in ethylene glycol

Zhang, Ting; Zhou, Yujie; Liu, Dehua; Petrus, Leo

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2006.03.029

Cited by 108 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…7 and Table 1, the major compounds in microwave liquefied CS are categorized as two types: one is EG and its derivatives, including DEG and TEG, and the other are methyl esters, including 3-(2-methyl-1, 3-doxolane-2-yl) propionic acid methyl ester, levulinic acid isopropyl ester, methyl laurate, and methyl hexadecanoate. The EG derivatives dominated the liquefied product, as has been reported (Zhan et al 2003;Zhang et al 2007). Compounds in the latter category were assumed to be degraded from lignocellulosic components, among which PAME was dominant.…”

Section: Characterization Of Liquefied Products With Gc-mssupporting

confidence: 53%

Rapid Liquefaction of Corn Stover with Microwave Heating

Xiao¹,

Zhang²,

Wang³

et al. 2015

BioResources

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Microwave heating was applied in the liquefaction of corn stover with polyhydric alcohol to establish a rapid process for converting corn stover into polyols. With ethylene glycol (EG) as liquefacient and 3.5% sulfuric acid as a catalyst, the residue content was reduced to 4.7% after 20 min of microwave liquefaction at 160 °C. Effects of liquefaction parameters on the residue content were investigated. It was found that the reaction temperature had a greater influence on the residue content than the sulfuric acid concentration and reaction time. The liquefied mixture was characterized as complexes of ester and ether type polyols by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. 3-(2-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl) propanoic acid was characterized as the main degradation product of corn stover, besides the large amount of condensation product of EG.

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Section: Characterization Of Liquefied Products With Gc-mssupporting

confidence: 53%

Rapid Liquefaction of Corn Stover with Microwave Heating

Xiao¹,

Zhang²,

Wang³

et al. 2015

BioResources

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“…The extremely strong intensity at 1740 cm -1 from the 140 °C/15 min reaction was attributed to the rapid decomposition of hemicelluloses into C5 sugars with high content of hydroxyl groups. The intensified peak at 1409 cm -1 from 140 °C/15 min to 180 °C/15 min, which arose from the plane deviational vibration of hydroxyl group in carboxylic groups, further evidenced the oxidation reactions during liquefaction (Zhang et al 2007). The characteristic peaks of aromatic ring at 1650 and 1450 cm -1 and benzene ring at 1363 cm -1 and 1210 cm -1 tended to be weaker with extended liquefaction, indicating that the decomposed lignin at the initial liquefaction stage underwent recondensation Zheng et al 2011).…”

Section: Energy Efficiency Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 92%

Microwave-assisted Liquefaction of Rape Straw for the Production of Bio-oils

et al. 2017

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The acid-catalyzed liquefaction of rape straw in methanol using microwave energy was examined. Conversion yield and energy consumption were evaluated to profile the microwave-assisted liquefaction process. Chemical components of the bio-oils from various liquefaction conditions were identified. A higher reaction temperature was found to be beneficial to obtain higher energy consumption efficiency as heated by microwaves. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of the bio-oils indicated that hydroxyl groups underwent oxidation with increasing liquefaction temperature and/or prolonged reaction time; methanol esterification of oxidation products was also observed during the liquefaction process. The GC-MS chromatograms indicated that the further decomposition of C5 and C6 sugars resulted in a remarkable reduction of hydroxyl group products and an apparent increase in levulinic ester; furan derivatives and succinic acid derivatives were increased as well. The chemical reactions in liquefaction for the production of bio-oils mainly included decomposition of hemicelluloses, cellulose, and lignin; the oxidation reactions of the hydroxyl groups and methanol esterification were also presented. Comprehensively, a high content of hydroxyl group products was obtained at a moderate liquefaction condition (140 °C/15 min), and a high yield of levulinic ester products was acquired in severe reaction conditions (180 °C/15 min), regardless of energy consumption efficiency.

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“…Under these conditions, biomass liquefaction with polyhydric alcohols, such as glycerol, ethylene glycol, or polyethylene glycol (PEG) (Kurimoto and Tamura 1999;Yamada and Ono 2001;Niu et al 2011;Martins et al 2013) affords large molecules that can be subsequently polymerized to produce adhesives, plastics, or other polymers Zhang et al 2007;Lin et al 2014). The choice of biomass liquefying solvent, as well as the catalyst (e.g., acid, base or other cyclic carbonates), will influence the composition of molecules extracted (Xie and Chen 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cork Liquefaction for Polyurethane Foam Production

et al. 2017

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aCork is one of the most important forest products in Portugal. The cork processing industry is highly resource-efficient, and the only residue is cork powder, which is too small for agglomerate production. This work studied the usage of cork powder for the production of added-value products via polyol liquefaction. Liquefactions were performed in a reactor using a mixture of polyethylene glycol (PEG 400) and glycerol as solvents, which were catalyzed by the addition of sulphuric acid. Several cork-tosolvent ratios, reaction temperatures, and reaction times were tested. Polyurethane foams were prepared by combining polyol mixtures with a catalyst, surfactant, blowing agent, and polymeric isocyanate. Mechanical tests of the produced foams were conducted, and compressive modulus of elasticity and compressive stress at 10% deformation were determined. The results show that the best conditions for obtaining high liquefaction yields are as follows: 160 °C for 1 h; glycerol-to-PEG 400 ratio of 1:9; corkto-solvent ratio of 1:6; and 3% H2SO4 catalyst addition. The Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra indicated that the lignocellulosic fractions of the cork were more selectively dissolved during acidified polyol liquefaction than the suberin. With liquefied cork powder using these optimized conditions, it is possible to produce polyurethane foams with desired properties.

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Qualitative analysis of products formed during the acid catalyzed liquefaction of bagasse in ethylene glycol

Cited by 108 publications

References 16 publications

Rapid Liquefaction of Corn Stover with Microwave Heating

Rapid Liquefaction of Corn Stover with Microwave Heating

Microwave-assisted Liquefaction of Rape Straw for the Production of Bio-oils

Cork Liquefaction for Polyurethane Foam Production

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