Qualitative Research Methods in Chronic Disease: Introduction and Opportunities to Promote Health Equity

Shelton, Rachel C.; Philbin, Morgan M.; Ramanadhan, Shoba

doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-012420-105104

Cited by 30 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…As a novel condition, qualitative evidence concerning long COVID symptoms and their impact on quality of life can inform the refinement of diagnostic criteria and care plans. Furthermore, applying qualitative methods to elevate and prioritize the perspectives of communities that face social disadvantage can help identify strategies that reduce health inequities in chronic conditions like long COVID (Shelton et al, 2022). However, the underrepresentation of Black Americans in long COVID research is a barrier to achieving equitable care for all long COVID patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘I'm still here, I'm alive and breathing’: The experience of Black Americans with long COVID

Bergmans

Chambers-Peeple

et al. 2023

Journal of Clinical Nursing

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Aims and ObjectivesIn this study, we aimed to characterize the impact of long COVID on quality of life and approaches to symptom management among Black American adults.BackgroundAs a novel condition, qualitative evidence concerning long COVID symptoms and their impact on quality of life can inform the refinement of diagnostic criteria and care plans. However, the underrepresentation of Black Americans in long COVID research is a barrier to achieving equitable care for all long COVID patients.DesignWe employed an interpretive description study design.MethodsWe recruited a convenience sample of 15 Black American adults with long COVID. We analysed the anonymized transcripts from race‐concordant, semi‐structured interviews using an inductive, thematic analysis approach. We followed the SRQR reporting guidelines.ResultsWe identified four themes: (1) The impact of long COVID symptoms on personal identity and pre‐existing conditions; (2) Self‐management strategies for long COVID symptoms; (3) Social determinants of health and symptom management; and (4) Effects on interpersonal relationships.ConclusionFindings demonstrate the comprehensive ramifications of long COVID on the lives of Black American adults. Results also articulate how pre‐existing conditions, social risk factors, distrust due to systemic racism, and the nature of interpersonal relationships can complicate symptom management.Relevance to Clinical PracticeCare approaches that support access to and implementation of integrative therapies may be best suited to meet the needs of long COVID patients. Clinicians should also prioritize eliminating patient exposure to discrimination, implicit bias, and microaggressions. This is of particular concern for long COVID patients who have symptoms that are difficult to objectively quantify, such as pain and fatigue.No Patient or Public ContributionWhile patient perspectives and experiences were the focus of this study, patients were not involved with the design or conduct of the study, data analysis or interpretation, or writing the manuscript.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘I'm still here, I'm alive and breathing’: The experience of Black Americans with long COVID

Bergmans

Chambers-Peeple

et al. 2023

Journal of Clinical Nursing

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“…Once the raw data was gathered, a standard inductive approach was employed to analyze responses including written contributions, verbal feedback, and documented notes (Gehman et al, 2018; Shelton et al, 2022). Three prominent themes emerged related to increased recruitment and engagement for CDSMP classes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lessons From the Field. Chronic disease: Action for post‐pandemic wellness and health

Contreras,

Dalimonte‐Merckling,

Demitz

et al. 2023

Family Relations

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ObjectiveWe aim to share practical insight acquired while implementing the Chronic Disease Self‐Management Program (CDSMP), offering strategies to reach and support diverse individuals with chronic diseases.BackgroundIn light of a global rise in chronic diseases, existing health disparities, and increasingly limited health care access, exacerbated by COVID‐19, empowering individuals through self‐management becomes important to alleviate burdens for families, individuals, and healthcare systems.MethodsUptake and effectiveness of CDSMP were quantified via enrollment data and evaluation instruments. Qualitative exploration of instructor feedback provided lessons learned.ResultsParticipation in CDSMP courses increased during the pandemic with participants reporting greater confidence and frequency of engagement in self‐management activities. Strategic efforts including partnership‐building, targeted marketing, and innovative delivery methods played a pivotal role in recruitment success. Inclusivity measures, such as use of electronic platforms and varied engagement options, broadened program accessibility. Addressing social isolation emerged as a key factor, both as an end in itself and as a motivator for course engagement and retention.ConclusionReducing barriers related to program accessibility, inclusivity, and social isolation are important factors influencing program enrollment both in total number and in diversity of participants, course engagement and retention, and program effectiveness.ImplicationsLessons learned can inform future implementation as family educators seek to uplift and improve the well‐being and health of diverse families coping with chronic diseases.

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“…Purposive sampling is one of the sampling approaches adopted in ethnography. 30 The inclusion criteria were women medically diagnosed and living with diabetes for 1 year or more. The first author collected contact details of eligible women and conducted interviews after appointments at their homes.…”

Section: Identification Of Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultural Beliefs and Practices in Self-Management of Diabetes Among Pnar Women in Meghalaya, India

Muksor,

Parmar

2023

The Science of Diabetes Self-Management and Care

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Purpose: The purpose of the study was to explore the cultural beliefs and practices of the Pnar tribe in terms of their self-management of diabetes. Methods: A qualitative study design using an ethnographic approach was adopted to understand the experiences of the Pnar women with type 2 diabetes. Around 60 women living with diabetes across 20 villages in the Thadlaskein rural block were interviewed in the Pnar language. Thematic analysis was employed to identify the pattern related to beliefs and cultural practices in the self-management of diabetes across the data set. Results: Misconceptions related to diet, such as all vegetables grown underground need to be avoided and bitter herbs and vegetables are good for blood glucose control, were reported. Participants used home remedies and complementary and alternative medicine to bring down their blood glucose levels. Participants believe that diabetes is an episodic or short-term illness and can be cured through herbal medicine. Participants reported that consuming atta or round flat bread made of wheat flour instead of rice caused “acidity.” Conclusions: Misconceptions are barriers to disease management, which are often shaped in people’s minds by culture. Therefore, health care service providers must know what people think about diabetes and its management. Accordingly, information related to diabetes should be disseminated to the masses for effective management of diabetes.

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Qualitative Research Methods in Chronic Disease: Introduction and Opportunities to Promote Health Equity

Cited by 30 publications

References 119 publications

‘I'm still here, I'm alive and breathing’: The experience of Black Americans with long COVID

‘I'm still here, I'm alive and breathing’: The experience of Black Americans with long COVID

Lessons From the Field. Chronic disease: Action for post‐pandemic wellness and health

Cultural Beliefs and Practices in Self-Management of Diabetes Among Pnar Women in Meghalaya, India

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