Qualitative review of promising practices for testing vulnerable populations at off-site COVID-19 testing centers

Winterbauer, Elizabeth; Levy, Phillip D.; Calhoun, Dustin J; Elwell, Timothy; Fishbein, Eliza M.; Donohue, Stacy; Little, Jessica

doi:10.1016/j.hjdsi.2021.100519

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Authors state that COVID-19 is heavily stigmatized within the community, and the misinformation cycle perpetuates the stigma. While this study focused on farmworkers, other studies on homeless and incarcerated individuals point to similar barriers in information and communication within racial context ( 43 , 49 ). This highlights the importance of controlling the delivery and flow of information.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Access to COVID-19 testing by individuals with housing insecurity during the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States: a scoping review

Johannesson,

Glover,

Petti

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic focused attention on healthcare disparities and inequities faced by individuals within marginalized and structurally disadvantaged groups in the United States. These individuals bore the heaviest burden across this pandemic as they faced increased risk of infection and difficulty in accessing testing and medical care. Individuals experiencing housing insecurity are a particularly vulnerable population given the additional barriers they face. In this scoping review, we identify some of the barriers this high-risk group experienced during the early days of the pandemic and assess novel solutions to overcome these barriers.MethodsA scoping review was performed following PRISMA-Sc guidelines looking for studies focusing on COVID-19 testing among individuals experiencing housing insecurity. Barriers as well as solutions to barriers were identified as applicable and summarized using qualitative methods, highlighting particular ways that proved effective in facilitating access to testing access and delivery.ResultsUltimately, 42 studies were included in the scoping review, with 143 barriers grouped into four categories: lack of cultural understanding, systemic racism, and stigma; medical care cost, insurance, and logistics; immigration policies, language, and fear of deportation; and other. Out of these 42 studies, 30 of these studies also suggested solutions to address them.ConclusionA paucity of studies have analyzed COVID-19 testing barriers among those experiencing housing insecurity, and this is even more pronounced in terms of solutions to address those barriers. Expanding resources and supporting investigators within this space is necessary to ensure equitable healthcare delivery.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Access to COVID-19 testing by individuals with housing insecurity during the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States: a scoping review

Johannesson,

Glover,

Petti

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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“…Weeks 39 to 41 represent a decrease in overall testing over the mid-semester break. Weeks 46 to 47 showed sizable numbers in positive tests for preseason male soccer (6) and after season football (10), spiking the departmental PPR in those weeks. Weeks 54 to 56 showed small numbers in positive tests for football (1), baseball (2), and track/cross-country (1), driving the drop in the PPR.…”

Section: Longitudinal Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3,9 As COVID-19 was airborne, one affected individual could easily infect multiple people. 1,5,6,10 The high infectivity and severe symptoms halted commerce, entertainment, and travel as the medical system was stretched to its limit for personal protection equipment, beds, and ventilators. Sports were similarly affected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of a Division I Sports Medicine Program's COVID-19 Protocol: Identifying Factors that Predict Testing Demands and Positive Rates During a Pandemic

Stickler,

Morrone,

Brown

et al. 2023

Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine

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Objective: To determine factors indicating testing frequency and positive test results in a Division I sports department intrapandemic. Design: Retrospective analysis. Setting: A single Division I collegiate sports department. Patients: All student-athlete (n = 437), student staff (n = 89), and adult staff (n = 202) members of the sports department. Total cohort (n = 728). Interventions: The authors analyzed the independent variables of local positive rates, sport characteristics, and campus events for impact on the volume of the departmental testing and positive rates. Main Outcome Measures: Measured dependent variables of the volume of departmental testing and positive rates were analyzed. Results: Positive predictive rates (PPRs) largely differed from local, off-campus rates in timing and duration (59.52%: P < 0.05). Overall, 20633 tests were administered with 201 positive results (0.97% PPR). Student-athlete numbers were highest in all categories, followed by adult then student staff. Greater proportions of contact sports became positive (53.03%: P < 0.001) and all-male sports (47.69%: P < 0.001). No comparative difference was seen for teams using fomites (19.15%: P = 0.403). Spring sports teams had the lowest percentage of the team positive (22.22%: P < 0.001). Winter sports had the highest PPR (1.15%), all occurring during team-controlled activities. Playing sports indoors did not increase inside team-controlled activity positive rates (P = 0.066). Conclusions: Longitudinal changes in local, off-campus infection rates partially affected sports departmental positive results while testing rates were more influenced by sport and university schedule. Testing resources should be directed toward high-risk sports, which included contact sports (football, basketball, and soccer), all-male teams, both Winter and indoor sports inside team-controlled activities, and sports with long periods of time outside team-controlled activities.

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“…Using the existing online platforms such as WeChat, QQ, Weibo, TikTok and other platforms to publish information on recruiting staff and raising materials (you can quickly send voice messages, videos, pictures and text through the network), to solve the problem of manpower and materials. At the same time, supportive relationships must also be established, which was one of the keys to success [39]. Neighboring communities should establish regional integration and cooperation mechanisms to complement each other in terms of epidemic prevention materials and human resources to strengthen joint prevention and control [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges Faced in Large-Scale Nucleic Acid Testing during the Sudden Outbreak of the B.1.617.2 (Delta)

Zhu

Qian

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The Delta variant (B.1.617.2) has dominated in many countries over the world. Its sudden outbreak in China has led the government to quickly carry out large-scale nucleic acid testing to curb its spread. This qualitative study aims to find the challenges based on empirical evidence from the perspectives of the different groups of people involved in the testing, and further explore possible strategies to improve the efficiency of large-scale nucleic acid testing. Using a phenomenological approach, we selected 35 participants (seven managers, eight health professionals, six community volunteers and 14 residents) by purposive sampling. The interviews were conducted by in-depth semi-structured interviews and the data were analyzed by Colaizzi’s seven-step method. Qualitative analysis revealed three main themes: unreasonable and unsafe testing points layout settings, human and medical resources challenges, and potential infection risk. From the different angles, participants all experienced challenges during large-scale nucleic acid testing, making positive planning and adequate preparation important parts of the smooth development of testing. Large-scale nucleic acid testing relies on the cooperation and efforts of all to support containment of the spread of the virus. Local governments should improve their ability to respond to and deal with public health emergencies.

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Qualitative review of promising practices for testing vulnerable populations at off-site COVID-19 testing centers

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

Access to COVID-19 testing by individuals with housing insecurity during the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States: a scoping review

Access to COVID-19 testing by individuals with housing insecurity during the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States: a scoping review

Analysis of a Division I Sports Medicine Program's COVID-19 Protocol: Identifying Factors that Predict Testing Demands and Positive Rates During a Pandemic

Challenges Faced in Large-Scale Nucleic Acid Testing during the Sudden Outbreak of the B.1.617.2 (Delta)

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