Qualitative und quantitative Mikroanalyse von Säuregemischen durch Elektrophorese in pH‐Gradienten

Abstract

1. Optimal conditions for focusing electrophoresis of metalions in pH‐pL gradients require a pH‐pL distribution along the paper strip approaching as closely as possible a step‐function. Such distributions can be realized by a moving boundary system of the same number of molecular acids as pH‐steps are necessary, developing between HC1‐anode and Na‐acetate‐cathode solutions.

Electrophoresis: Mathematical Modeling and Computer Simulation

“…In esis are generally ZE,tjie sample occupies a much smaller ing boundary elec-portion of the column and complete sepone electrophoresis aration of sample constituents is possiis (ITP), and iso-ble; Whereas both MBE and ZE are usually carried out in homogeneous buffers, discontinuous electrolyte systems rocesses has been must be used in ITP (6,16), the sample ised to predict the being inserted between the leading and Dm a knowledge of terminating electrolytes.--At steady state, provides a unifying all constituents migrate at the sam speed, in the order of their net ities. The formation of these bournA~js has been studied extensively (17). Iso-F).…”

An Alternative to Automatic Titration

“…Much more sophisticated automation of volumetry is possible. Omegaphoresis [ 31 in buffer-free [2] sample solutions automatically creates a stationary multiple component titration curve or zoned pattern with normalized concentrations of each separated species. An automatic measurement of each zone length yields their quantity.…”

“…We propose to do away with most types of automatic titrations for analytical purposes. They can be replaced with a physicochemical method published 1964 [2] and improved for automation in the last three years . With our microprocessor-controlled automated system, we will be able to display simultaneously the quantity and identification of 10 to 20 components within less than 2 minutes.…”

“…The normalization is automatically accomplished by using a buffer free system and moving boundary conditions with a fixed concentration CL of the leading electrolyte, which plays the role of a standard solution in titration. Kohlruusch's regulating function co then guarantees a stationary state which is characterized by a precisely constant ratio of any component concentration Ci in the sample to CL [2] The ai's are qualitative criteria which can be measured and used for component identification. ci is known from (1) and the quantity mi of the component Ai is then given by the volume (cc zone length) which the separated acid Ai occupies between its two moving boundaries.…”

“…& 1 channel address among -500). The isotachophoretic state [2] is then reached and the analysis terminated. With the simple relation (I), a table of the ai's, and the differences between the marked addresses, the quantity mi of each resolved component Ai is determined.…”