Qualitative variation in colour morphotypes of Ianthella basta (Porifera: Verongida)

Freckelton, Marnie L.; Luter, Heidi M.; Andreakis, Nikos; Webster, Nicole S.; Motti, Cherie A.

doi:10.1007/s10750-011-0818-x

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…I. basta produces both araplysillin and bastadin compounds that are known to have strong biological activity and antimicrobial properties [66], [67]. DGGE analysis revealed higher diversity in moribund samples from 32°C at day seven than from 32°C at day four.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal and Sedimentation Stress Are Unlikely Causes of Brown Spot Syndrome in the Coral Reef Sponge, Ianthella basta

2012

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Background Marine diseases are being increasingly linked to anthropogenic factors including global and local stressors. On the Great Barrier Reef, up to 66% of the Ianthella basta population was recently found to be afflicted by a syndrome characterized by brown spot lesions and necrotic tissue. Methodology/Principal Findings Manipulative experiments were undertaken to ascertain the role of environmental stressors in this syndrome. Specifically, the effects of elevated temperature and sedimentation on sponge health and symbiont stability in I. basta were examined. Neither elevated temperature nor increased sedimentation were responsible for the brown spot lesions, but sponges exposed to 32°C developed substantial discoloration and deterioration of their tissues, resulting in death after eight days and a higher microbial diversity in those samples. No shifts in the microbial community of I. basta were observed across a latitudinal gradient or with increased sedimentation, with three previously described symbionts dominating the community of all sponges ( Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria and Thaumarchaea ). Conclusions/Significance Results from this study highlight the stable microbial community of I. basta and indicate that thermal and sedimentation stress are not responsible for the brown spot lesions currently affecting this abundant and ecologically important sponge species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal and Sedimentation Stress Are Unlikely Causes of Brown Spot Syndrome in the Coral Reef Sponge, Ianthella basta

2012

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“…In contrast to many microbially diverse sponge species, 16S rRNA gene surveys have shown that I. basta harbours only three dominant microbial phylotypes which belong to a novel α‐proteobacterial lineage, a γ‐proteobacterial clade within the UBA10353 order and LS‐SOB family (Parks et al ., ), and the Thaumarchaeota (Luter et al ., ). This community structure is stable among different host colour morphotypes (Freckelton et al ., ), between individuals sampled from different geographic regions (Luter et al ., ), across different host health states (Luter et al ., ) and in sponges exposed to different environmental stressors (Luter et al ., ). Here we (i) quantify the abundance of the thaumarchaeal symbionts in I. basta , (ii) confirm their activity as ammonia oxidizers, (iii) document the expression of almost 100 thaumarchaeal genes in situ and (iv) reveal sponge‐specific adaptations of these archaea including a putative mixotrophic lifestyle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a thaumarchaeal symbiont that drives incomplete nitrification in the tropical spongeIanthella basta

Moeller

Webster

Herbold

et al. 2019

Environmental Microbiology

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Summary Marine sponges represent one of the few eukaryotic groups that frequently harbour symbiotic members of the Thaumarchaeota, which are important chemoautotrophic ammonia‐oxidizers in many environments. However, in most studies, direct demonstration of ammonia‐oxidation by these archaea within sponges is lacking, and little is known about sponge‐specific adaptations of ammonia‐oxidizing archaea (AOA). Here, we characterized the thaumarchaeal symbiont of the marine sponge Ianthella basta using metaproteogenomics, fluorescence in situ hybridization, qPCR and isotope‐based functional assays. ‘Candidatus Nitrosospongia ianthellae’ is only distantly related to cultured AOA. It is an abundant symbiont that is solely responsible for nitrite formation from ammonia in I. basta that surprisingly does not harbour nitrite‐oxidizing microbes. Furthermore, this AOA is equipped with an expanded set of extracellular subtilisin‐like proteases, a metalloprotease unique among archaea, as well as a putative branched‐chain amino acid ABC transporter. This repertoire is strongly indicative of a mixotrophic lifestyle and is (with slight variations) also found in other sponge‐associated, but not in free‐living AOA. We predict that this feature as well as an expanded and unique set of secreted serpins (protease inhibitors), a unique array of eukaryotic‐like proteins, and a DNA‐phosporothioation system, represent important adaptations of AOA to life within these ancient filter‐feeding animals.

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“…; Freckelton et al . ). Considering our extraction protocol, there is a good probability that they were contained within our crude extracts, and likely within the 4% of chemical diversity that differs among the chromotypes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…; Freckelton et al . ; Loh et al . ) but also for the high probability of obtaining species complexes among taxonomic groups in which fundamental taxonomic characters are lacking, or are present but not diagnostic (Cárdenas et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrative taxonomic description of Plakina kanaky, a new polychromatic sponge species from New Caledonia (Porifera: Homoscleromorpha)

et al. 2014

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Four similar sponges of different colors, all unknown to science, were collected in submarine caves of New Caledonia. We aimed at determining whether the four chromotypes represented different species or phenotypic variations of a unique new species. We used an integrative taxonomic approach combining morphologic, molecular and metabolomic analyses. The main traits that define these specimens are a skeleton made of monolophose, trilophose and tetralophose calthrops only, high chemical diversity and a high abundance and diversity of prokaryotic symbionts. The symbiotic community includes two unique prokaryote morphotypes, which are described for the first time in Homoscleromorpha, and appeared to be vertically transmitted. Although several features slightly differ among chromotypes, the most parsimonious conclusion was to propose a single new species Plakina kanaky sp. nov. Our phylogenetic analysis indicated the paraphyly of the Plakina genus, with P. kanaky sp. nov. belonging to a clade that includes Plakina jani and Plakina trilopha. The present work demonstrates that integrative taxonomy should be used in order to revise the entire Plakinidae family and especially the non‐monophyletic genus Plakina.

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Qualitative variation in colour morphotypes of Ianthella basta (Porifera: Verongida)

Cited by 15 publications

References 44 publications

Thermal and Sedimentation Stress Are Unlikely Causes of Brown Spot Syndrome in the Coral Reef Sponge, Ianthella basta

Thermal and Sedimentation Stress Are Unlikely Causes of Brown Spot Syndrome in the Coral Reef Sponge, Ianthella basta

Characterization of a thaumarchaeal symbiont that drives incomplete nitrification in the tropical spongeIanthella basta

Integrative taxonomic description of Plakina kanaky, a new polychromatic sponge species from New Caledonia (Porifera: Homoscleromorpha)

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