Quality Analysis of a Chaotic and Hopping Stream Based Cipher Image

Zig-zag diagonal and ANN for English character recognition

“…Horizontal, vertical, and diagonal, these three types of method can be used to extract the feature based on the zoning method. Pradeep et al [13,14] mentioned that the diagonal feature extraction method has high performance compared to horizontal and vertical feature extraction method, and have notified that diagonal features have a strong correlation compared to horizontal and vertical features [20,21]. Thus, diagonal feature extraction has a high accuracy compared to vertical and horizontal feature extraction.…”

“…Several features were 59 and ANN used to classify it. Zig-zag scanning order performs better, and it is more efficient compared to the raster scanning order [20,22]. The zig-zag scan is one of the most important for complex patterns, and it achieved good accuracy in Iris recognition [23].…”