Quality and hydrogeochemistry appraisal for groundwater in Tenth of Ramadan Area, Egypt

Abstract

Groundwater at Tenth of Ramadan area, Egypt, is the main source of water supply and it is ranked as high pollution risk area due to the high infiltration rate of the existing unlined oxidation ponds and the wastewater based-irrigation in the reclaimed desert. This investigation aims to evaluate groundwater quality and the spatial distribution of their ions, determine the chemical species (forms) of contaminated ions, and examine the process of water-rock interactions represented by the hydrogeochemical processes (ion exchange, dissolution, and precipitation) at Tenth of Ramadan area, Egypt. Eighteen water quality parameters were determined in triplicate samples collected from twelve wells in July 2017. Visual MINTEQ model was applied for geochemical speciation of cations, anions, trace and heavy elements in groundwater samples. The hydrogeochemical indices were used for investigating the quantity of changes in the chemical composition of groundwater. Outcomes revealed that the trend of spatial pollution for eleven water quality parameters is Site 3> Site 1> Site 2. The geochemical speciation indicated that Ca 2+ , K + , Mg 2+ , Na + , Cl − , SO 4 2-, NO 3 − , F − , HCO 3 −, and Fe 2+ are distributed as free ions. Hydroxides of Al 3+ , Fe 3+ and carbonate of Pb 2+ are predominant. The free ions of cadmium are accessible within the absence of dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The results suggest that evaporation, dissolution, and precipitation play an essential control on the groundwater composition within the aquifer. The reverse ion exchange process is more effective than the ion exchange process in controlling the water composition for 58% of samples. Hence, groundwater requires more advanced treatment. ARTICLE HISTORY

Monitoring Seasonal Variation in Ground Water Quality and Evaluation of Its Suitability for Irrigation in the Nimrud Area South –East of Mosul –Iraq

“…6 , figure6. The low concentration of potasium in ground water as a result of high ability of clay minerals to sorption dissolved potassium, which leads to drop its concentration sginficanlty in ground water(Ibrahim andNofal, 2020 andGaniyu et al, 2018).AnionsChloride concentration ranged from 42.6 in well No. 15 to 355 in well No.2, with averaged 135.4 ppm in dry season.…”