Quality Assessment of Drinking Water in Tanta City, Egypt

Abstract

Abstract:The physico-chemical and biological (algal and bacterial) quality of tap water in Tanta City were elucidated. Samples were collected during December 2011, covering all the water plants and the areal extension of the pipe line network in Tanta. Total dissolved solids content classifies water origin into surface water, shallow and deep groundwater. Fe, Mn and hardness in some samples of groundwater origin are obviously exceeding the WHO (World Health Organization) limit. Mostly, green algae are found (31 species), followed by diatoms (19 species), then blue-green algae (13 species). CCA (Canonical Corresponding Analysis) indicates that green algae are strongly correlated with pH, NH 4 , alkalinity, Mn and Si; diatoms with EC (electric conductivity), turbidity, Zn and Si and blue green algae with EC and alkalinity. 50% of samples of surface origin, 80% of samples of both deep and shallow groundwater origins crossed WHO and Egyptian guideline in their content of mean TCC (Total Coliform Count). CCA estimates strong correlations of TCC with temperature, NH 4 and PO 4 ; E. coli with EC; heterotrophic bacteria with turbidity and NO 3 ; Salmonella sp. with Si and SO 4 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with Mn. Finally, the water plants treatment may be not effective and pipes serve as a reservoir for pathogenic microorganisms.

Physico-Chemical Quality Assessment of Ground Water in Kathmandu Valley and Siraha District

“…All the tested water samples showed the chloride value within the given range ascompared to NDWQS. Khalil et al (2013); Shittu et al ( 2008); Ullah et al (2014); Maharjan et al (2020); Ghartimagar et al (2020); Pradhananga et al (1993) and Thapa (1997) also found chloride content for all water samples within guideline value. Chloride can be a marker of pollution and is crucial in identifying sewage contamination of ground water (Purandara2003).Natural sources ,sewage ,industrial effluents ,urban run off including deionizing salts, and saline intrusion are the main sources of chloride in drinking water.…”

Seasonal variation and correlation between the physical, chemical and microbiological parameters of Nile water in selected area in Egypt (Case study)

“…The total algae count and algae distribution in water samples were also determined, as previously described by Khalil et al (16) and Rashad et al (2). In brief, samples for algal count were preserved with iodine in potassium iodide (Lugol's Solution), then algae identification was made according to Prescott, Whitford and Schumacher.…”