Quality assessment of observational studies in a drug-safety systematic review, comparison of two tools: the Newcastle&amp;ndash;Ottawa Scale and the RTI item bank

Margulis, Andrea V.; Pladevall, Manel; Riera-Guardia, Nuria; Varas‐Lorenzo, Cristina; Hazell, Lorna; Berkman, Nancy D; Viswanathan, Meera; Perez‐Gutthann, Susana

doi:10.2147/clep.s66677

Cited by 367 publications

(283 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In a recent comparison study, the RTI item bank was found to provide a more complete quality assessment than the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale [18,19]. In line with the developer's instructions, the tool was tailored to match the review topic and designs of the included studies.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Impairment in Transient Ischemic Attack Patients: A Systematic Review

Rooij¹,

Kessels

Richard³

et al. 2016

Cerebrovasc Dis

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Background: Although by definition a transient ischemic attack (TIA) lasts less than 24 h, many patients experience cognitive complaints beyond focal symptom resolution. However, their prevalence, causes and profile are unclear. We therefore performed a systematic review on cognitive impairment after TIA. Summary: Medline and Embase were searched for relevant studies. Risk of bias was assessed, and data synthesis was performed according to the severity of cognitive impairment. Thirteen studies were included, with considerable heterogeneity concerning methods and timing of cognitive testing. Confounding, detection bias and attrition were the main causes of a high risk of bias in several studies. The prevalence of post-TIA mild cognitive impairment ranged from 29 to 68%. Severe cognitive impairment was found in 8-22% of patients. Studies using a cognitive screening instrument and those performed shortly after TIA or several years later, reported the highest frequencies of impairment. Patients evaluated with a screening tool were substantially older than those who underwent a full neuropsychological assessment (weighted mean age difference 10.9 years). Based on limited data, the post-TIA cognitive profile showed prominent executive function deficits. Insufficient data refrained us from drawing conclusions on causality. The few studies that reported neuroimaging results found a minor correlation with cognitive impairment. Key Messages: Mild cognitive impairment is present in more than a third of the TIA patients and has a profile comparable with vascular cognitive impairment. Reported rates of post-TIA cognitive impairment are highly variable and higher frequencies are found with cognitive screening tools. Considerable heterogeneity and insufficient data limit further conclusions about potential causative factors.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Impairment in Transient Ischemic Attack Patients: A Systematic Review

Rooij¹,

Kessels

Richard³

et al. 2016

Cerebrovasc Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The Newcastle-Ottawa-Scale (NOS) was developed by the University of Newcastle and the University of Ottawa to evaluate the quality of nonrandomized studies to be included in meta-analyses [26,27]. The quality of each eligible study was estimated by using the NOS for case-control or cohort studies, with a range from 0 to 9 [28].…”

Section: Quality Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-2α (HIF-2α) Expression and Colorectal Cancer and Its Prognostic Role: a Systematic Analysis

Han

Huang

et al. 2018

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Background/Aims: Although some studies showed that HIF-2α expression was correlated with an unfavorable prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC), the prognostic results remain conflicting in CRC. The present study was performed to evaluate the association between HIF-2α expression and the clinicopathological features of this disease and to examine the potential prognostic role of HIF-2α expression in CRC. Methods: Pooled odds ratios (ORs) or hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated from available publications, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. Trial sequential analysis (TSA) was used to estimate the required sample information. Results: HIF-2α protein expression was more frequent in CRC than in normal colonic tissues (OR = 150.49, P < 0.001), higher in male than female CRC patients (OR = 1.47, P = 0.008), and lower in high-grade than low-grade CRC (OR = 0.49, P = 0.029). TSA verified the reliability of the above results. HIF-2α expression was not linked to the prognosis of CRC in overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), metastasis-free survival, and relapse-free survival, and no significant correlation was found between HIF-2α alteration and OS or disease-free survival (DFS) of CRC. Expression of both HIF-2α and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA, VEGFB, or VEGFC) was associated with a poor metastasis-free survival of CRC (HR = 6.95, HR = 113.51, and HR = 8.11, respectively). No association was observed between HIF-2α expression and DFS in other cancers, but HIF-2α expression was correlated with a worse DFS of CRC (HR = 1.23, P = 0.037). Moreover, HIF-2α expression was linked to a good survival benefit in some cancers (B-cell lymphoma and lung adenocarcinoma: OS, multiple myeloma: DSS, breast cancer: distant metastasis-free survival, liposarcoma: distant recurrence-free survival) (all HRs < 1, Ps < 0.05). Conclusions: HIF-2α expression may be associated with the carcinogenesis of CRC, which is higher in males

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“…The quality of the studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) [11]. The scale consists of eight items that cover three aspects: selection (representativeness of the exposed cohort, selection of the nonexposed cohort, ascertainment of exposure, demonstration that outcome of interest was not present at start of study); comparability of cohorts on the basis of the design or analysis; and outcome (assessment of outcome, length of follow-up, adequacy of follow-up of cohorts).…”

Section: • Study Quality Assessment and Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional Anesthesia/Analgesia and the Risk of Cancer Recurrence and Mortality After Prostatectomy: A Meta-Analysis

et al. 2015

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Aims:To determine whether the use neuraxial anesthesia/analgesia is associated with longer biochemical recurrence-free survival (BRFS) and overall survival (OS) after radical prostatectomy. Methods: Ten studies were included in the meta-analysis. A random-effects model was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs). Results: The HR for BRFS was 1.02 (95% CI: 0.91-1.15) for all studies and 1.08 (95% CI: 0.91-1.15) for those that included propensity score matching. For OS, the HR across all studies was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.7-1.15) and 0.81 (95% CI: 0.68-0.96; p = 0.016) for those reporting propensity score matching. Conclusion: The anesthetic technique used during oncologic prostatectomy surgery is not associated with longer BRFS. By contrast, the use of regional analgesia appears to improve OS. KEYWORDS• biochemical recurrence-free survivalProstate cancer is the most common malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer death in males [1]. Radical prostatectomy (RP) has been shown to decrease mortality and is the treatment of choice in many patients with localized cancer [2]. However, ∼25% of patients still develop local recurrence or distant metastasis after primary tumor resection [3]. Recurrences are related to tumor stage, Gleason score, lymph node stage, surgical margin status and preoperative serum prostate-specific antigen level [4,5]. Practice points• Regional anesthesia/analgesia has sparing opioid effects.• Local anesthetics have anti-inflammatory and immune protective effects.• Both, sparing opioid and anti-inflammatory effects have been proposed to be the mechanisms by which regional anesthesia might prolong the survival of cancer patients.• Regional anesthesia/analgesia has shown to reduce cancer recurrence in some retrospective studies but not in other similar clinical reports.• The findings of this study do not support the association between regional anesthesia/analgesia and improved recurrence-free survival after radical prostatectomy.• Regional anesthesia/analgesia is associated with a better overall survival after radical prostatectomy.For reprint orders, please contact: reprints@futuremedicine.com

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Quality assessment of observational studies in a drug-safety systematic review, comparison of two tools: the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and the RTI item bank

Cited by 367 publications

References 34 publications

Cognitive Impairment in Transient Ischemic Attack Patients: A Systematic Review

Cognitive Impairment in Transient Ischemic Attack Patients: A Systematic Review

Association Between Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-2α (HIF-2α) Expression and Colorectal Cancer and Its Prognostic Role: a Systematic Analysis

Regional Anesthesia/Analgesia and the Risk of Cancer Recurrence and Mortality After Prostatectomy: A Meta-Analysis

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