Quality assurance of alpha-particle dosimetry using peeled-off Gafchromic EBT3 ® film

Ng, C. Y. P.; Chun, S.L.; Yu, K.N.

doi:10.1016/j.radphyschem.2016.04.014

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Some of the most commonly used diacetylene-based radiochromic sensors for therapeutic purposes are Gafchromic films, which contain a lithium salt of PCDA . The most used radiochromic film, Gafchromic EBT, comprises an active layer that is surrounded by a polyester cover (Figure ) and is intended for recording radiation doses between 1 cGy and 40 Gy (with 1 cGy equivalent to 1 rad) . Alternative models of Gafchromic films are able to detect different dosage ranges in comparison to the EBT model due to changes in their chemical composition and thicknesses of the active layer in the films, with the different models detecting doses from 0.2 cGy to 1000 Gy .…”

Section: Applications Of Pcdamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…120 The most used radiochromic film, Gafchromic EBT, comprises an active layer that is surrounded by a polyester cover (Figure 41) and is intended for recording radiation doses between 1 cGy and 40 Gy (with 1 cGy equivalent to 1 rad). 158 Alternative models of Gafchromic films are able to detect different dosage ranges in comparison to the EBT model due to changes in their chemical composition and thicknesses of the active layer in the films, with the different models detecting doses from 0.2 cGy to 1000 Gy. 159 Previous discontinued radiochromic films models such as MD-55 contained PCDA as the diacetylene in the active layer; however, the MD-55 film was only useful at doses greater than 5 Gy.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Properties and Applications of Stimuli-Responsive Diacetylenes

Hall

Musa

Steed

2021

Crystal Growth & Design

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The topochemical reactivity of diacetylene monomers has long been established and involves the 1,4-addition polymerization reaction. This reaction is governed by well-defined parameters that allow the synthesis of diacetylene polymers. Polydiacetylenes are conjugated polymers that display unique colorimetric and fluorescent transitions when they are exposed to a range of stimuli, allowing them to be easily exploited in biosensors, chemosensors, and radiochromic dosimeters. In this review, we summarize recent work on polydiacetylene systems, focusing on examples involving 10,12-pentacosadiynoic acid (PCDA) that can be structured as polymerized vesicles, films, gels, and powders. Synthetic derivatives of PCDA are also reviewed, along with the effect of incorporating guest molecules to a diacetylene system and establishing the important relationship between reversible thermochromism and noncovalent interactions.

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Section: Applications Of Pcdamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties and Applications of Stimuli-Responsive Diacetylenes

Hall

Musa

Steed

2021

Crystal Growth & Design

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“…The radiochromic film is an important tool in the medical field application, which is commonly used to verify dose distributions in highly conformal radiation therapy such as intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), and X-ray [1][2][3]. Since the last decade, more researches have been conducted on the applicability of various types of radiochromic films in measuring ultraviolet (UV) exposure [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, for doses level larger than 10 Gy, the absorption saturates due to a small amount of light transmitting through the film and limits the sensitivity of the spectrometer [21]. For the same reason, UV exposure measurement using the EBT3 film can be made up to 30000 mJ/cm 2 [9]. Besides spectroscopy based color measurement, the flatbed scanner is another important optical tool commonly used to profile the color changes of the EBT3 film.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, the result differs for peeled-off EBT3 film (i.e., one polyester cover above the active layer is removed). The responses are different for different scanning directions (i.e., landscape and portrait scan) [2]. Furthermore, the orientation dependence with respect to the front and back sides of the film is completely eliminated in the EBT3 film due to the symmetrical layer of the film [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spectroscopy and Light Emitting Diodes Based System in Characterizing External Beam Therapy 3 Films for Solar Ultraviolet Measurement

Shah

Omar

2019

Photonic Sens

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Gafchromic external beam therapy 3 (EBT3) film has widely been used in medical field applications. Principally, the EBT3 film's color gradually changes from light green to darker color under incremental exposures by ionizing or even non-ionizing ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Peak absorbance of the EBT3 film can be used to predict absorbed doses by the film. However, until today, related researches still rely on spectrometers for color analysis of EBT3 films. Hence, this paper presents a comparative analysis between results produced by the spectrometer and a much simpler light-emitting diode-photodiode based system in profiling the color changes of EBT3 films after exposure by solar UV radiation. This work has been conducted on a set of 50 EBT3 samples with incremental solar UV exposure (doses). The wavelength in the red region has the best sensitivity in profiling the color changes of EBT3 films for low solar UV exposure measurement. This study foresees the ability of blue wavelength to profile films with a large range of solar UV exposure. The LED (light emitting diode)-based optical system has produced comparable measurement accuracies to the spectrometer and thus, with a potential for replacing the need for a multipurpose spectroscopy system for simple measurement of light attenuation.

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Investigation of dosimetric characteristics of radiochromic film in response to alpha particles emitted from Americium‐241

Diaz‐Martinez,

Cyr,

Devic

et al. 2024

Medical Physics

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BackgroundIn radiotherapy, it is essential to deliver prescribed doses to tumors while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue. Accurate measurements of absorbed dose are required for this purpose. Gafchromic® external beam therapy (EBT) radiochromic films have been widely used in radiotherapy. While the dosimetric characteristics of the EBT3 model film have been extensively studied for photon and charged particle beams (protons, electrons, and carbon ions), little research has been done on ‐particle dosimetry. ‐emitting radionuclides have gained popularity in cancer treatment due to their high linear energy transfer, short range in tissue, and ability to spare surrounding organs at risk, thereby delivering a more localized dose distribution to the tumor. Therefore, a dose‐calibration film protocol for ‐particles is required.PurposeThis study aimed to develop a dose‐calibration protocol for the ‐particle emitting radionuclide 241Am, using Monte Carlo (MC) simulations and measurements with unlaminated EBT3 films.MethodsIn this study, a MC‐based user code was developed using the Geant4 simulation toolkit to model and simulate an 241Am source and an unlaminated EBT3 film. Two simulations were performed: one with voxelized geometries of the EBT3 active volume composition and the other using water. The dose rate was calculated within a region of interest in the voxelized geometries. Unlaminated EBT3 film pieces were irradiated with the 241Am source at various exposure times inside a black box. Film irradiations were compared to a 6‐MV photon beam from a Varian TrueBeam machine. The simulated dose rate was used to convert the exposure times into absorbed doses to water, describing a radiochromic‐film‐based reference dosimetry protocol for ‐particles. The irradiated films were scanned and through an in‐house Python script, the normalized pixel values from the green‐color channel of scanned film images were analyzed.ResultsThe 241Am energy spectra obtained from the simulations were in good agreement with IAEA and NIST databases, having differences 0.516% for the emitted ‐rays and produced characteristic x‐rays and 0.006% for the ‐particles. Due to the short range of ‐particles, there was no energy deposition in the voxels outside the active 241Am source region projected onto the film surface. Thus, the total dose rate within the voxels covering the source was 0.847 0.003 Gy/min within the sensitive layer of the film (LiPCDA) and 0.847 0.004 Gy/min in water, indicating that the active volume can be considered water equivalent for the 241Am beam quality. A novel approach was employed in ‐film dosimetry using an exponential fit for the green channel, which showed promising results by reducing the uncertainty in dose estimation within 5%. Although the statistical analysis did not reveal significant differences between the 6‐MV photon beam and the calibration curves, the dose–response curves exhibited the expected behavior.ConclusionsThe developed MC user code simulated the experimental setup for ‐dosimetry using radiochromic film with acceptable uncertainty. Unlaminated EBT3 film is suitable for the dosimetry of ‐radiation at low doses and can be used in conjunction with other unlaminated GafChromic® films for quality assurance and research purposes.

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Quality assurance of alpha-particle dosimetry using peeled-off Gafchromic EBT3 ® film

Cited by 16 publications

References 9 publications

Properties and Applications of Stimuli-Responsive Diacetylenes

Properties and Applications of Stimuli-Responsive Diacetylenes

Spectroscopy and Light Emitting Diodes Based System in Characterizing External Beam Therapy 3 Films for Solar Ultraviolet Measurement

Investigation of dosimetric characteristics of radiochromic film in response to alpha particles emitted from Americium‐241

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