Quality considerations of European PM emission inventories

Winiwarter, Wilfried; Kuhlbusch, Thomas A. J.; Viana, Mar; Hitzenberger, R.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.05.023

Cited by 28 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…Global PM emissions from road transport are estimated as 2.7 Tg/y (Borken et al, 2007). The annual particle emission in individual countries depends on their economic potential, e.g., USA e 170 Gg (Borken et al, 2007), Italy e 34 Gg (ISPRA, 2011), Poland e 25 Gg (KOBiZE, 2012), Austria e 8 Gg (Winiwarter et al, 2009) and Portugal e 5.4 Gg (PEA, 2012) (all data with reference to PM 10 ). In the EU-27 countries PM emissions from the road transport sector are close to the emission level from production processes (14% and 16% of total emission, respectively) (Winiwarter et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractionation and mobility of Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn in the road dust retained on noise barriers along expressway – A potential tool for determining the effects of driving conditions on speciation of emitted particulate metals

Świetlik

Trojanowska

Strzelecka

et al. 2015

Environmental Pollution

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractionation and mobility of Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn in the road dust retained on noise barriers along expressway – A potential tool for determining the effects of driving conditions on speciation of emitted particulate metals

Świetlik

Trojanowska

Strzelecka

et al. 2015

Environmental Pollution

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“…Together with air quality modelling, an emission inventory is used for the assessment of the impact of specific human activities and of the main sources responsible for air quality deterioration in areas exceeding air quality standards and also for the development and assessment of the results of specific mitigation strategies (Placet et al 2000;Winiwarter et al 2009;Karl et al 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric Emission Inventory for Natural and Anthropogenic Sources and Spatial Emission Mapping for the Greater Athens Area

Aleksandropoulou

Tørseth

Lazaridis

2011

Water Air Soil Pollut

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A spatially, temporally and chemically resolved emission inventory for particulate matter and gaseous species from anthropogenic and natural sources was created for the Greater Athens Area (GAA; base year, 2007). Anthropogenic sources considered in this study include combustion (industrial, non-industrial, commercial and residential), industrial production, transportation, agriculture, waste treatment and solvent use. The annual gaseous pollutants (ΝΟx, SOx, nonmethane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs), CO and ΝΗ 3 ) and particulate matter (PM 2.5 and PM 2.5-10 ) emissions were derived from the UNECE/EMEP database for most source sectors (SNAP 1-9; 50× 50 km 2 ) and their spatial resolution was increased using surrogate spatial datasets (land cover, population density, location and emissions of large point sources, emission weighting factors for the GAA; 1×1 km 2 ). The emissions were then temporally disaggregated in order to provide hourly emissions for atmospheric pollution modelling using monthly, daily and hourly disintegration coefficients, and additionally the chemical speciation of size-segregated particles and NMVOCs emissions was performed. Emissions from agriculture (SNAP 10) and natural emissions of particulate matter from the soil (by wind erosion) and the sea surface and of biogenic gaseous pollutants from vegetation were also estimated. During 2007 the anthropogenic emissions of CO, SOx, NOx, NMVOCs, NH 3 , PM 2.5 and PM 2.5-10 from the GAA were 151,150, 57,086, 68,008, 38,270, 2,219, 9,026 and 3,896 Mg, respectively. It was found that road transport was the major source for CO (73.3%), NMVOCs (31.6%) and NOx (35.3%) emissions in the area. Another important source for NOx emissions was other mobile sources and machinery (23.1%). Combustion for energy production and transformation industries was the major source for SOx (38.5%), industrial combustion for anthropogenic PM 2.5-10 emissions (59.5%), whereas non-industrial combustion was the major source of PM 2.5 emissions (49.6%). Agriculture was the primary NH 3 source in the area (72.1%). Natural vegetation was found to be an important source of VOCs in the area which accounted for approximately the 5% of total VOCs emitted from GAA on a typical winter day. The contribution of seasalt particles to the emissions of PM 2.5 was rather small, whereas the emissions of resuspended dust particles exceeded by far the emissions of PM 2.5 and PM 2.5-10 from all anthropogenic sources.

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“…This postulation agrees with previous studies which indicate housing systems are often adapted to the category of housed animals such as calves, dairy cows, sows, fatteners etc., as most cattle buildings are naturally ventilated [10]. Studies have also suggested the quantification of gaseous emissions from naturally ventilated buildings is sophisticated [11][12][13] and may require modern modeling techniques [14]. The difficulty in quantifying gaseous emissions and arriving at adequate emission factors most especially when emissions sources are not clearly defined was attributed to PM (Particulate Matter), large numbers of sources, diverse emission pathways/mechanisms, and observed differences in individual characteristics in terms of chemical composition or size.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waste Management Practices and Profile of Selected Key Green House Gases at Selected Livestock Farms in Ibadan, Nigeria

Oghaghare¹,

Ana²,

Shendell³

2016

JESE-B

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Livestock farm waste contributes substantially to annual worldwide emissions of GHG (Greenhouse Gases), including CH 4 (Methane) and CO 2 (Carbon Dioxide). However, despite evidence of global climate change and its adverse health effects, studies on anthropogenic contributions to the increasing levels of GHG, particularly from livestock waste management practices, have not been adequately explored, especially in less developed countries. This study determined waste management practices and outdoor levels of CH 4 and CO 2 at three selected livestock farms (A-C) in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Each study farm consisted of poultry, cattle and pig units. A 30-point observational checklist documented adequacy of solid waste management practices. Ambient concentrations of CH 4 and CO 2 at farm buildings and at waste disposal sites were monitored every other day, twice each day of monitoring (morning and evening hours), for eight weeks during months of September-November in 2013. Average scores for the waste management practices for Farms A-C were 29.6%, 33.3% and 18.5%, respectively. Morning and evening CH 4 concentrations in parts per million (ppm) at main buildings of Farms A-C were 2,538 ± 773 and 1,916 ± 662, 2,325 ± 773 and 1,180 ± 483, and 2,389 ± 687 and 1,854 ± 571, respectively. Morning and evening CO 2 concentrations (ppm) at Farms A-C main buildings were 350 ± 130 and 330 ± 110, 470 ± 100 and 440 ± 100, and 430 ± 80 and 400 ± 70, respectively. Morning and evening CH 4 concentrations (ppm) at Farms A-C waste disposal sites were 2,452 ± 495 and 1,614 ± 372, 1,527 ± 390 and 1,736 ± 269, and 2,345 ± 615 and 1,690 ± 387, respectively. Morning and evening CO 2 concentrations (ppm) at Farms A-C waste disposal sites were 330 ± 90, 370 ± 60 and 350 ± 30, respectively. Waste management practices were inadequate; solid waste management practices like infrequent evacuation of slurry waste and open burning of waste may have contributed to the production of CH 4 and CO 2 . This study suggested proper handling, removal and disposal of farm waste which can reduce production of GHGs like CH 4 and CO 2 .

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Quality considerations of European PM emission inventories

Cited by 28 publications

References 110 publications

Fractionation and mobility of Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn in the road dust retained on noise barriers along expressway – A potential tool for determining the effects of driving conditions on speciation of emitted particulate metals

Fractionation and mobility of Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn in the road dust retained on noise barriers along expressway – A potential tool for determining the effects of driving conditions on speciation of emitted particulate metals

Atmospheric Emission Inventory for Natural and Anthropogenic Sources and Spatial Emission Mapping for the Greater Athens Area

Waste Management Practices and Profile of Selected Key Green House Gases at Selected Livestock Farms in Ibadan, Nigeria

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