Quality evaluation of different black rice varieties of northeastern region of India

Abstract

Introduction Black rice (Oryza sativa L.), which is rich in polyphenols and flavonoids, is indigenous to Northeast India, specifically Manipur, and traditionally consumed for its protective effects on human health. Due to its economic value, it is crucial to evaluate the quality of different black rice varieties to authenticate their therapeutic and nutritional properties. Objective We aimed to evaluate the quality of pre‐ and post‐marketed black rice samples by a validated high‐performance thin layer chromatography method and determine variations of total phenolics and total flavonoids with antioxidant potential. Material and Methods The ferulic acid, gallic acid, quercetin, and caffeic acid contents of three black rice varieties—Poireiton, Amubi, and Sempak—along with two marketed samples of Amubi from Manipur, India, were quantified based on standards. Antioxidant potential was measured by the 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picryl‐hydrazyl hydrate free radical scavenging assay. Results The highest and lowest relative biomarker contents were found in hydroalcoholic extracts of Amubi [caffeic acid (1.43% w/w), ferulic acid (1.15% w/w), quercetin (0.6% w/w), and gallic acid (0.39% w/w)] and the marketed sample Var. Amubi from Kakching District, respectively. Pearson's correlation coefficient of antioxidant potential with phenolic and flavonoid content showed a moderate to strong correlation for all samples. Conclusion This validated, rapid, accurate standardization method for black rice varieties will be beneficial for the quality evaluation of black rice and its derived products. It will also be helpful to authenticate the nutritional benefits for the consumers.

Bioprotective Role of Phytocompounds Against the Pathogenesis of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease to Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis: Unravelling Underlying Molecular Mechanisms

“…Quercetin (QRC) is a bioflavonoid initially discovered in Quercus (oak genus) and reported to be available in a handful of plants, such as Ginkgo biloba, Sambucus canadensis, Oryza sativa L. 100 , and Hypericum perforatum , with possible chemopreventive action and reverse lipid peroxidation 101 . In both in vitro and in vivo models of T2DM-induced NAFLD, the antioxidant QRC significantly reduced the production of IL-1 β , IL-6, and TNF- α .…”