Quality of and Attention to Instructions in Telementoring

Abstract

There is a long-standing interest in CSCW on distributed instruction - both in how it differs from collocated instruction as well as the design of tools to reduce any deficiencies. In this study, we leveraged the unique environment of laparoscopic surgery to compare the efficacy and mechanism of instruction in a collocated and distributed condition. By implementing the same instructional technology in both conditions, we are able to evaluate the effect of distance on instruction without the confounding variable of medium of instruction. Surprisingly, our findings revealed trainees perceived a higher perceived quality of instruction in the distributed condition. Further investigation suggests that in a distributed learning environment, trainees change their behavior to attend more to the provided instructions resulting in this higher perceived quality of instruction. Finally, we discuss our findings with regards to media compensation theory, and we provide both social and technical insights on how to better support a distributed instructional process.

Opportunities and Challenges of Smartglass-Assisted Interactive Telementoring

“…Similar to traditional mentoring, it plays a dual role of educating and providing care at the same time [30]." Semsar et al defined that "these remote work practices entail a local worker performing a physical task supported by a remote expert who monitors the work and gives instructions when needed-sometimes referred to as telementoring [31]." From the aforementioned views and previous medical and surgical telementoring studies, two types of telementoring can be identified.…”

“…Kim et al [33] No No Nursing Education Klinker et al [13] No No Medical Kopetz et al [22] No No Nursing Education Rochlen et al [25] No No Medical Huang et al [27] No No Medical Aebersold et al [34] No No Medical Hanna et al [14] Yes Yes Medical Yoon et al [23] Yes Yes Medical Lacy et al [35] Yes Yes Medical Rio et al [26] Yes Yes Medical Greenberg et al [32] Yes Yes Medical Liu et al [15] Yes Yes Medical Meijer et al [36] Yes Yes Medical Andersen et al [37,38] Yes Yes Medical STAR [16][17][18][19] Yes Yes Medical Mitsuno et al [20] Yes Yes Medical Mentis et al [39] Yes Yes Medical, Industrial Lin et al [40] Yes Yes Medical Gasques et al [21] Yes Yes Medical Hassan et al [41] Yes Yes Medical Giuseppe et al [42] Yes Yes Industrial Semsar et al [31] Yes Yes Medical Wang et al [7] Yes Yes Industrial Wang et al [8] Yes Yes Physical Task…”

“…Often, a microphone is integrated with the device used for telementoring (i.e., smartglasses and notebooks). Previous telementoring studies using smartglasses have provided variations of voice-based UIs [13,14,[16][17][18][19]23,31,42]. Figure 2 illustrates hands-free and voice-based interaction styles.…”

“…Furthermore, telestration from mentees can be used to highlight problematic areas. Several studies in our review also used some forms of telestration in their systems [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]26,31,[37][38][39][40], often with voice-based UIs [14,[16][17][18][19][20]31,39].…”

Analysis of Intermediary Roles and Technical Components for Smartglass-Assisted Interactive Remote Collaboration

“…The aforementioned three intermediary roles have already been examined in previous remote collaboration systems and applications. We have classified tasks and applications found in remote collaboration studies according to the three intermediary roles in Table 1 Surgery and medical tasks [10], [13], [14], [15] in remote collaboration scenarios include intermediary roles of authoritative supervisor (AS) as well as synergetic collaborator (SC). Since surgical and medical tasks require an expertise, speculative explorer (SE) is not common.…”