Quality of Life After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Coronary heart disease is a public health problem and is one of the leading causes of loss of quality of life, disability, and death worldwide. The main procedure these patients undergo is cardiac catheterisation, which helps improve their quality of life, symptoms of myocardial ischemia, and ventricular function, thus helping increase the survival rate of sufferers. It can also, however, lead to physical consequences, including kidney failure, acute myocardial infarction, and stroke. The objective of this study was to analyse how coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) influences quality of life. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted using the CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, and Cuiden databases in June 2020. A total of 7537 subjects were included, 16 in the systematic review and 3 in the meta-analysis. The studies analysing quality of life using the SF questionnaire showed improvements in the quality of physical and mental appearance, and those using the NHP questionnaire showed score improvements and, in some cases, differences in quality of life between women and men. This operation seems to be a good choice for improving the quality of life of people with coronary pathologies, once the possible existing risks have been assessed.

Continuity of Nursing Care in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review

“…However, although patients can experience a positive recovery after surgery, discharge can be challenging [ 4 ]. Patients should be prepared to cope with the recovery and follow-up, and their quality of life can decline, not only in terms of physical health but also in mental health, raising anxiety–depressive states by up to 25% [ 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”

Methodological Standards for the Design, Implementation, and Analysis of Randomized Trials in Cardiac Surgery: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

“…The inclusion of patient-reported outcomes as end points in cardiac surgery clinical trials has grown during the past decade. [26][27][28][29][30] Patient-reported outcomes typically measure either generic or disease-specific quality of life and symptoms across 4 domains of health (global, mental, physical, and social). Patient-reported outcomes provide a patient's perspective on the consequences of an intervention on quality of life and symptoms.…”

Patient-Reported Outcomes in Cardiovascular Trials

“…Over the past decade, there has been a trend towards including generic PRO measures as secondary outcomes in randomized coronary revascularization trials. 82,83 There is an inverse correlation between higher preoperative Society of Thoracic Surgeons risk scores and lower quality of life (measured with PROMIS Global Health). 84 In four large CABG trials, "Future Revascularization Evaluation in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: Optimal Management of Multivessel Disease" (FREEDOM), "Randomized On/Off Bypass" (ROOBY), "Synergy between PCI with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery" (SYNTAX), and "Evaluation of XIENCE versus Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery for Effectiveness of Left Main Revascularization" (EXCEL), at least one PRO measure was included in each trial as a secondary outcome (Table 2).…”