Purpose
To assess whether successful surgical intervention for intermittent exotropia, or the timing of intervention, has any effect on the development of mental illness.
Design
Retrospective observational case series
Methods
All patients (< 19 years) diagnosed with intermittent exotropia in Olmsted County, Minnesota, from January 1, 1975, through December 31, 1994, were retrospectively reviewed. Potential cases were identified using the resources of the Rochester Epidemiology Project, a medical records database designed to capture data on any patient-physician encounter in Olmsted County, Minnesota. The main outcome measures were the occurrence and severity of mental illness among those who underwent strabismus surgery compared to those who did not.
Results
Ninety-six (52%) of the 184 children identified were diagnosed with a mental illness at a mean age of 23.3 years (range 6 to 41 years). Thirty-five (36%) of the 96 children who developed mental illness underwent strabismus surgery. Success at surgery (< 10 prism diopters) was not associated with a decreased occurrence of mental illness (p=0.30). Of the 88 patients who did not develop mental illness, strabismus surgery was not more commonly performed (p=0.54) nor was it performed at a younger age (p=1.0), when compared to the 96 patients who later developed mental illness.
Conclusions
Strabismus surgery for children with intermittent exotropia, regardless of success or age at surgery, did not alter the development of mental illness by early adulthood.