Quality of Life and Loneliness Among American Military Veterans

Abstract

Quality of life and loneliness are closely associated with mental and physical health outcomes. This relationship is particularly important in Veterans who experience elevated rates of disabilities, comorbidities, and chronic health conditions as compared with non-Veterans. In the present project, we use data from the Military Health and Well-Being Project (n = 1469, 67.2% men, 32.3% women, 0.5% transgender, nonbinary, prefer not to say) to investigate the link between five domains of quality of life (i.e., general quality of life, physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environment) with loneliness in American Military Veterans. Findings indicated that every domain of quality of life was negatively and significantly associated with loneliness (r's < −0.45, p's < 0.001), such that quality of life decreased as loneliness increased. We further found, using linear regression, that quality social relationships (β = −0.385, t = −13.23), psychological functioning (β = −0.196, t = −5.28), and physical health (β = −0.133, t = −4.174) were related to low levels of loneliness. Taken together, these findings indicate that in this sample of Veterans 1) general quality of life, physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environment are all strongly connected with loneliness, and 2) of these, social relationships, psychological health, and physical health seem to protect most against loneliness, with large robust effect sizes. We recommend that intervention and policy researchers continue to investigate and develop feasible, acceptable, and cost-effective ways to promote social relationships, psychological health, and physical health among Veterans. Data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic, which may limit generalizability of these findings.

Evaluation of a Virtual Tai Chi Program for Older Veterans at Risk of Loneliness or Physical Deconditioning: A Quality Improvement Project

“…This initiative focused on loneliness and physical deconditioning for the reasons summarized in the Introduction; both conditions had become highly prevalent among OVs as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic and its aftermath and were known to be associated with an increased risk of adverse clinical outcomes among older adults [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 47 ]. The efficacy of Tai Chi to reduce loneliness and improve physical performance was known [ 12 , 18 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ].…”

“…Loneliness can also be a devastating condition for older adults, including OVs. It is associated with a greater risk of cardiovascular disease, dementia, stroke, depression, anxiety, suicidality, and premature death [ 20 , 27 ]. For these reasons, interventions to prevent or ameliorate physical deconditioning and loneliness in this population were needed.…”