Quality of Life in Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Objective: To document quality of life in type 2 diabetics and identify factors predictive of better quality of life.
 Study Design: Cross- sectional analytical study.
 Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Peshawar Pakistan, from Jul to Aug 2019.
 Methodology: Adult patients of either gender being treated in outdoor department for type 2 diabetes mellitus were enrolled using non- probability convenience sampling technique. We excluded unwilling patients, those with diabetes for less than 3 months and those unable to comprehend the data collection instrument. Quality of life was assessed using Urdu version of WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. This was self-administered. Variables potentially affecting quality of life were also recorded: age, gender, duration of diabetes, presence of co-existent hypertension, type of treatment and body mass index.
 Results: There were 99 patients, including 44 males, having mean age of 55.01 ± 12.68 years. Median duration of diabetes was 9 years (range: 0.5 to 35 years). Co-existent hypertension was present in 63 patients. Mean BMI was 24.92 ± 5.79 kg/m2. Most (60; 59.60%) of them were on insulin. Total score on WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was 87.19 ± 12.38, whereas the scores for physical, psychological, social and environmental quality of life were 12.06 ± 2.32, 12.90 ± 2.88, 15.82 ± 3.91 and 14.47 ± 1.84 respectively. Male patients were more likely to have better quality of life (Odds Ratio 3.638, 95% CI 1.508, 8.775; p=0.004). Other factors did not influence quality of life.
 Conclusion: Patients with type 2 diabetes have a poor quality of..........

Quality of Life and Its Determinants Among Diabetic Patients in A Rural Area of Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, India

“…15 On the contrary, in a study conducted by N Sarir et al in Pakistan in 2022 among 99 diabetic subjects, the scores of physical domain, psychological domain, social relationships and environmental domain indicated overall good quality of life. 16 In the present study, overall quality of life and general health score was lower in male diabetic subjects compared to female diabetic subjects. Domain scores of physical health, psychological domain and domain of social relationships were lower in male subjects.…”

“…23 On the contrary, in a study conducted by Sarir N et al in Pakistan in 2022 no association was found between duration of diabetes and quality of life. 16 Similarly, in a study conducted by Timar R et al in Romania in the year 2016 it was found that there was no significant association between quality of life of diabetic subjects and duration of disease. 19 In the present study overall quality of life and general health score was significantly lower in diabetic subjects with comorbidity (p value:0.038).…”

“…Contrary to the present study, in a study conducted by N Sarir et al in Pakistan in the year 2022, male diabetics were found to have a better quality of life as compared to female diabetics. 16 Similarly, a study conducted by Aarthy R et al in the year 2022 in India, reported that women with diabetes had a poorer quality of life than men. 17 However, in a study conducted by MF Amin et al in Bangladesh in 2022, no association was noticed between quality of life and gender of the patients .…”

“…1 In SEAR (South East Asian Region), 1 in 11 adults (90 million) are living with diabetes and over 1 in 2 adults living with diabetes are undiagnosed and 747,000 deaths were caused by diabetes in SEAR in 2021. 2 In India, 16.8% of adult male population and 14.6% of adult female population on an average are diabetic. According to NFHS-5 survey, among 22 states/ UTs in India around 16.8% of adult male population and 14.6% of adult female population on an average are estimated to be diabetic.…”