Quality of Life in Type 2 Diabetic Patients With and Without Proliferative Retinopathy and Macular Edema

Abstract

Diabetic retinopathy is the most common diabetic eye disease and a leading cause of blindness in adults. In India diabetes is an epidemic, so the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy is also increasing. The main objective of the study is to compare both health related and vision targeted quality of life of type 2 diabetic patients with and without proliferative diabetic retinopathy or diabetic macular edema. A prospective, observational study was conducted in a tertiary care referral hospital at Kerala, India, over a period of 7 months. Patients age between 33-76 years, suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus either with or without proliferative diabetic retinopathy or diabetic macular edema were interviewed using EQ 5D 5L questionnaire and national eye institute visual function questionnaire to assess their quality of life. Out of 189 type 2 diabetic patients included in the study, 94 were with Proliferative diabetic retinopathy or diabetic macular edema and remaining 95 were without PDR or DME. Presence of PDR or DME does not affect health related quality of life (p>0.05). Severity of retinopathy significantly reduces health related QoL (p=0.004). Presence of PDR or DME reduces vision related QoL significantly (p=0.000). Vision related QoL is also affected by severity of retinopathy (p=0.000). There was statistically significant correlation between duration of diabetes and severity of retinopathy (p=0.018). Both HRQoL and vision related QoL were positively correlated (p=0.001). Disclosure C. Radhakrishnan: None. S. Ck: None. S. K.: None. B. S.: None.

Living Without a Diagnosis: A Patient’s Perspective on Diabetic Macular Ischemia

“…It is imperative to effectively triage patients who are at risk of permanent vision loss. Although to date there are no specific publications describing the impact of DMI on quality of life, the consequences of vision loss in general and DR, specifically on quality of life, are significant and increase with disease severity (p \ 0.0001) [38][39][40].…”

Quality of Life and Diabetes in India: A Scoping Review

“…Among the microvascular complications of diabetes, diabetic retinopathy (DR) and QoL assessment were reported in three studies. [ 42 52 53 ] One study reported lower QoL among patients with diabetes with diabetic retinopathy (DR) as compared to those without. The study participants included T1D and T2D patients.…”

“…[ 42 ] The third, a prospective, observational study among 189 T2D patients reported a significant reduction in HRQoL with the severity of retinopathy. [ 53 ]…”

“… n =200 Male=34% Convenience sampling technique mentioned. ADDQoL g The mean QoL score=0.07 Diabetes-dependent QoL = -1.33 (0.58) 38% associated with poor health related QoL Factors associated with QoL Gender, age, domicile, education status, occupation, family structure, duration of T2D, HbA1c, insulin treatment and presence of comorbidities are positively correlated with QoL [ 53 ] Radhakrishnan C et al ., 2018 Kozhikode Kerala South India Prospective, observational study. Tertiary care referral hospital.…”