Quality of Life of Postmenopausal Women in Urban and Rural Communities

Abstract

ObjectivesMenopause is a transitional time in a woman's life leading to both physical and emotional challenges which affects the quality of life (QOL). Average age of menopause is around 48 years but it strikes Indian women at the age of 40 to 45 years. So, menopausal health demands higher priority in Indian as well as global scenario. The present study was conducted to compare the QOL of postmenopausal women residing in urban and rural communities.MethodsThe study adopted quantitative research approach with comparative survey design. The samples were 100 postmenopausal women from rural urban communities selected using non probability purposive sampling technique. Data was collected by interview using demographic performa and menopause specific QOL.ResultsThe mean QOL score (X2 = 27.24) of rural women was higher than the mean QOL score (X1 = 26.34) of urban women. The calculated independent ‘t’ value (t = 0.86; P < 0.05) is lesser than the table value (t98 = 1.980). There was association between QOL of urban postmenopausal women and monthly income of the family (χ2 = 4.023) was statistically significant at 0.05 levels.ConclusionsThere was no significant difference in the QOL of postmenopausal women in rural and urban areas. Indian women are ignorant about the changes taking place in their reproductive system. Religion and culture of our society also inhibits to express these changes. Health care professionals have a great role in addressing these issues to prepare women to face the challenges of reproductive health.

Determinants of Quality of Life among Menopausal Market Women Traders in a South-Western Town, Nigeria

“…This is in tandem with the study of African American white and Indian women in the late reproductive years (Menopause). The researchers found that the average age of menopause is 47 and 48 years respectively [9,14]. These findings are also similar to the study of Yisma, et al [15], where they found that globally the average age of menopause varies across geographic regions.…”

Depression, Quality of Life, and Self-Esteem of Moroccan Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis before the Occurrence of Fractures

“…Osteoporosis is one of major public health problem, responsible of low bone mass and bone fragility. This disease can induce pain and reduce physical activity leading to social isolation, depression and altered QoL [ 5 6 12 13 14 15 16 17 ]. Many studies are focused on assessing the QoL and depression in osteoporotic elderly women with fractures but few researches are published about physical and psychological status in PMW with osteoporosis in absence of fractures [ 8 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 ].…”

“…Osteoporosis is a systemic disease in which bone mineral density (BMD) is reduced with increased vulnerability to fractures. Social consequences, psychological difficulties and an impact on quality of life (QoL) with and without fractures can be observed [ 1 2 3 4 5 6 ]. Osteoporosis, as a vulnerable transition period, may induce pain, lead to mobility reduce and daily activities limitations.…”

“…The evaluation of the QoL had an important role to estimate the physical disability, psychological and social handicaps resulting from osteoporosis, even without fractures [ 2 ]. Pain and depression are both associated with impaired QoL but few articles indicating pain prevalence and QoL in postmenopausal women (PMW), are published [ 5 6 ]. Osteoporosis remains the most prevalent metabolic bone disease in older adults and a major public health problem.…”

Comparison of quality of life and bone mass density among postmenopausal women: A cross-sectional study

“…[ 2 ] These physiological, emotional, and psychological changes vandalize the health of these vulnerable females in total and reduce their quality of life (QoL). [ 3 ] Postmenopausal women are also at the highest risk of developing osteoporosis, since their bone mineral density is reduced as a result of a decrease in the estrogen level. [ 4 ]…”