Quality of Main Water in Residential Units of Shchelkovsky District of the Moscow Region

Orlov, Evgeny

doi:10.22227/2305-5502.2017.4.2

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The studied dry nanopowder DND sample of the UDA-S-GO brand is brown. Pycnometric measurements of both nanopowders are considerably below the theoretical density of diamond (3.5154 g/cm 3 ) and density of bulk natural diamond crystals, which is known to vary in a range of 3.30-3.60 g/cm 3 depending on the impurity content in them [16].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Comparison of Morphological and Structural Characteristics of Nanopowder Particles Fabricated by Grinding Natural Diamond and Detonation Synthesis

Sharin

Sivtseva

Yakovleva

et al. 2020

Russ. J. Non-ferrous Metals

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Specific features of the morphological and structural characteristics of nanopowder particles fabricated by grinding bulk natural diamond and by detonation synthesis are investigated. It is shown by highresolution transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and low-angle X-ray scattering that, in contrast with the detonation synthesis nanopowder, which consists of similar in size and isometrically primary particles, natural diamond particles fabricated by grinding have a broader spread in regards to size and a preferentially platelet form. It is established by the X-ray structural phase analysis and Raman spectroscopy used in addition to above-listed methods that the structure of particles of nanodiamond formed from natural diamond is similar to the structure of detonation-synthesis nanodiamond. Each particle of natural nanopowder, similarly to detonation-synthesis nanodiamond, consists of a diamond core having a crystal lattice of the cubic crystal system and a shell containing mainly nondiamond forms of carbon with sp 2 hybridization with a complex structure. The data on the evaluation of the average particle size of nanopowders of natural diamond and detonation synthesis by three methods, including BET, show results that satisfactorily agree with each other. Herewith, an average particle size of natural powder nanoparticles is close to 24 nm, while that of detonation-synthesis nanodiamonds of the UDA-S-GO brand produced by FRPC Altai is close to 5.6 nm. An insignificant increase in interatomic distances in diamond nanocrystals is revealed when compared with the bulk diamond crystal. The investigation and analysis of numerous images of natural diamond nanocrystals and detonation synthesis nanocrystals formed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy show that the dislocations and point defects are most often defects in nanodiamonds.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Comparison of Morphological and Structural Characteristics of Nanopowder Particles Fabricated by Grinding Natural Diamond and Detonation Synthesis

Sharin

Sivtseva

Yakovleva

et al. 2020

Russ. J. Non-ferrous Metals

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“…Radial fibrous ballas may be formed both on the nanocrystalline diamond core (HPHT experiment, [39]) and on the single crystal diamond core (natural samples [15,16,40]). Experiments on CVD synthesis of ballas and ballas-like diamonds showed that their formation is possible in a wide range of the growth medium chemical composition (CH 4 /H 2 ratio) and temperature [19][20][21].…”

Section: Formation Of Ballas Diamondmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Peculiarities of Natural Ballas—Spheroidal Variety of Polycrystalline Diamond

et al. 2023

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Ballas is a rare polycrystalline diamond variety characterized by a radially oriented internal structure and spheroidal outer shape. The origin of natural ballases remains poorly constrained. We present the results of a comprehensive investigation of two classic ballas diamonds from Brazil. External morphology was studied using SEM, high-resolution 3D optical microscopy, and X-ray tomography. Point and extended defects were examined on polished central plates using infra-red, photo- and cathodoluminescence spectroscopies, and electron back-scattering diffraction; information about nanosized inclusions was inferred from Transmission Electron Microscopy. The results suggest that fibrous diamond crystallites comprising ballas are split with pronounced rotation, causing concentric zoning of the samples. Pervasive feather-like luminescing structural features envelop single crystalline domains and most likely represent fibers with non-crystallographic branching. These features are enriched in N3 point defects. Twinning is not common. The nitrogen content of the studied samples reaches 700 at.ppm; its concentration gradually increases from the center to the rim. Annealing of the ballases took place at relatively high temperatures of 1125–1250 °C; the annealing continued even when the samples were fully grown, as suggested by the presence of the H4 nitrogen-related defects in the outer rim. Presumably, the ballas diamond variety was formed at high supersaturation but in conditions favoring a small growth kinetic coefficient. The carbon isotopic composition of the studied ballases (δ13C = −5.42, −7.11‰) belongs to the main mode of mantle-derived diamonds.

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“…In modern fluid mechanics, some parameters of the medium, such as density and pressure, are considered to be quantities of a mixed, namely, mechanical and thermodynamic nature. Empirical relations between thermodynamic quantities constitute equations of state [66][67][68], among which the main one is the dependence of density ρ = ρ(P, T, S i ) on pressure P, temperature T, and the concentration of dissolved substances and suspended particles S i . The thermodynamic state of the medium is characterized by the spatial distributions of Gibbs potential and its derivatives, which include the density, temperature, salinity and pressure, which change over time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine Flow Structure at the Miscible Fluids Contact Domain Boundary in the Impact Mode of Free-Falling Drop Coalescence

Chashechkin,

Ilinykh

2023

Fluids

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Registration of the flow pattern and the matter distribution of a free falling liquid drop in a target fluid at rest in the impact mode of coalescence when the kinetic energy (KEn) of the drop exceeds its available surface potential energy (ASPe) was carried out by photo and video recording. We studied the evolution of the fine flow structure at the initial stage of the cavity formation. To carry out color registration, the observation field was illuminated by several matrix LED and fiber-optic sources of constant light. The planning of experiments and interpretation of the results were based on the properties of the complete solutions of the fundamental equations of a fluid mechanics system, including the transfer and conversion of energy processes. Complete solutions of the system of equations describe large-scale flow components that are waves or vortices as well as thin jets (ligaments, filaments, fibers, trickles). In experiments, the jets are accelerated by the converted available surface potential energy (ASPe) when the free surfaces of merging fluids were eliminated. The experiments were performed with the coalescence of water, solutions of alizarin ink, potassium permanganate, and copper sulfate or iron sulfate drops in deep water. In all cases, at the initial contact, the drop begins to lose its continuity and breaks up into a thin veil and jets, the velocity of which exceeds the drop contact velocity. Small droplets, the size of which grows with time, are thrown into the air from spikes at the jet tops. On the surface of the liquid, the fine jets leave colored traces that form linear and reticular structures. Part of the jets penetrating through the bottom and wall of the cavity forms an intermediate covering layer. The jets forming the inside layer are separated by interfaces of the target fluid. The processes of molecular diffusion equalize the density differences and form an intermediate layer with sharp boundaries in the target fluid. All noted structural features of the flow are also visualized when a fresh water drop isothermally spreads in the same tap water. Molecular diffusion processes gradually smooth out the fast-changing boundary of merging fluids, which at the initial stage has a complex and irregular shape. Similar flow patterns were observed in all performed experiments; however, the geometric features of the flow depend on the individual thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of the contacting fluids.

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Quality of Main Water in Residential Units of Shchelkovsky District of the Moscow Region

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Comparison of Morphological and Structural Characteristics of Nanopowder Particles Fabricated by Grinding Natural Diamond and Detonation Synthesis

Comparison of Morphological and Structural Characteristics of Nanopowder Particles Fabricated by Grinding Natural Diamond and Detonation Synthesis

Structural Peculiarities of Natural Ballas—Spheroidal Variety of Polycrystalline Diamond

Fine Flow Structure at the Miscible Fluids Contact Domain Boundary in the Impact Mode of Free-Falling Drop Coalescence

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