Quality of Sleep and Depression in College Students: A Systematic Review

Dinis, João Pedro; Bragança, M.

doi:10.5935/1984-0063.20180045

Cited by 182 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…rough the past 20 years, researchers have identified a reduction in the average number of hours of sleep among college students [43] and poor sleep quality found up to 50% [44] which negatively impacts learning and memory processes [32,33,45]. We note also that data suggest a potential causal relationship between poor sleep and greater rates of weight gain [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Perception of Sleep Disturbances due to Bedtime Use of Blue Light-Emitting Devices and Its Impact on Habits and Sleep Quality among Young Medical Students

Jniene

Errguig

Hangouche

et al. 2019

BioMed Research International

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Introduction. The use of blue light-emitting devices (smartphones, tablets, and laptops) at bedtime has negative effects on sleep due to light stimulation and/or problematic excessive use. We aimed to evaluate, among young medical students, if the perception of sleep disturbances due to bedtime use of these devices is consistent with healthier habits and a better sleep quality. Materials and methods. 294 medical students in medicine and pharmacy from the Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Morocco, took part in this anonymous and voluntary cross-sectional study and answered an electronic questionnaire. Student and Mann–Whitney U tests were used to compare variables between 2 groups based on their perception of sleep disturbances. The level of significance was p≤0.05. Results. 286 students (97.3%) used a blue light-emitting smart device at bedtime before sleep, and sleep quality was poor (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI > 5) in 101 students (35.3%). The perception of sleep disturbances due to this night usage was reported by 188 of them (65.7%). In this group, 154 (81.9%) used their device with all the lights turned off in the room (p=0.02), 34 (18.1%) put devices under pillows (p=0.04), 114 (60.6%) interrupted sleep to check messages (p<0.001), and the mean duration use of these technologies at bedtime was 2 h ± 23 min per night (p=0.02). Also, the mean sleep duration was 6.3 hours ± 1.25 (p=0.04), 119 (63.3%) presented fatigue on waking more than one time per week (p=0.04), and 76 (40.4%) presented poor sleep quality (75.2% of the students with PSQI > 5) (p=0.005). Conclusions. Despite the perception of sleep disturbances due to bedtime use of blue light-emitting devices, unhealthy sleep habits tend to be frequent in young medical students and worrying because it is associated to significant poor sleep quality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Perception of Sleep Disturbances due to Bedtime Use of Blue Light-Emitting Devices and Its Impact on Habits and Sleep Quality among Young Medical Students

Jniene

Errguig

Hangouche

et al. 2019

BioMed Research International

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“…A systematic review (supplementary table e-6, available from Dryad, doi.org/10.5061/dryad.ffbg79cqt ) found an association between self-reported low sleep quality and depression or depressive symptoms among college students. 27 Among older adults, the prevalence of coexisting sleep disturbances (defined as insomnia, poor sleep quality, and complaints of insomnia) and depressive symptoms was 10.6%. 28 In prospective studies among older adults, a bidirectional relationship between sleep disturbances and depression also was reported (supplementary table e-6, available from Dryad).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep, major depressive disorder, and Alzheimer disease

et al. 2020

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ObjectiveTo explore the causal relationships between sleep, major depressive disorder (MDD), and Alzheimer's disease (AD).MethodsWe conducted bi-directional 2-sample Mendelian randomisation analyses. Genetic associations were obtained from the largest genome-wide association studies currently available in UK Biobank (N = 446,118), the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (N = 18,759), and the International Genomics of Alzheimer's Project (N = 63,926). We used the inverse variance weighted Mendelian randomisation method to estimate causal effects, and weighted median and MR-Egger for sensitivity analyses to test for pleiotropic effects.ResultsWe found that higher risk of AD was significantly associated with being a “morning person” (OR = 1.01, p = 0.001), shorter sleep duration (self-reported: β = −0.006, p = 1.9 × 10−4; accelerometer-based: β = −0.015, p = 6.9 × 10−5), less likely to report long sleep (β = −0.003, p = 7.3 × 10−7), earlier timing of the least active 5 hours (β = −0.024, p = 1.7 × 10−13), and a smaller number of sleep episodes (β = −0.025, p = 5.7 × 10−14) after adjusting for multiple comparisons. We also found that higher risk of AD was associated with lower risk of insomnia (OR = 0.99, p = 7 × 10−13). However, we did not find evidence either that these abnormal sleep patterns were causally related to AD or for a significant causal relationship between MDD and risk of AD.ConclusionWe found that AD may causally influence sleep patterns. However, we did not find evidence supporting a causal role of disturbed sleep patterns for AD or evidence for a causal relationship between MDD and AD.

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“…In terms of potential mechanisms that might help explain the link between inactivity and poor mental health, other lifestyle factors and consequences of health behaviours (such as overweight/obesity [2,27], alcohol use [28,29], and sleep problems [30,31]) have previously been linked to both physical exercise and mental wellbeing in young adulthood. These factors are important to account for when examining the association between physical exercise and mental health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical exercise, mental health problems, and suicide attempts in university students

Grasdalsmoen¹,

Eriksen²,

Lønning³

et al. 2020

BMC Psychiatry

187

104

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Background: Physical inactivity and mental health problems are both major public health concerns worldwide. Although several studies have demonstrated the health benefits of regular physical exercise, few epidemiological studies have investigated the nature of the association between different aspects of physical exercise and mental health, and little is known regarding the possible link to suicidality. Study aim: To examine the association between frequency, intensity, and duration of physical exercise and mental health problems, and to explore whether low levels of physical activity is related to self-harm and suicide attempts among college and university students. Methods: We employed data from the SHoT2018-study, a national health survey for higher education in Norway, in which 50,054 students aged 18-35 years participated. Physical exercise was assessed with three questions (frequency, intensity, and duration). Mental health problems were assessed with both a screening tool assessing psychological distress (Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25; HSCL-25) and self-reported depressive disorder (using a predefined list of conditions). Suicide attempts and self-harm were assessed with two items from the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey. Results: Physical exercise was negatively associated with all measures of mental health problems and suicidality in a dose-response manner. The strongest effect-sizes were observed for frequency of physical exercise. Women with low levels of physical activity had a near threefold increased odds of both scoring high on the HSCL-25, and selfreported depression, compared to women exercising almost every day. Even stronger effect-sizes were observed for men (ORs ranging from 3.5 to 4.8). Also, physical exercise duration and intensity were significantly associated with mental health problems, but with generally smaller ORs. Similarly, graded associations were also observed when examining the link to self-harm and suicide attempts (ORs ranging from 1.9 to 2.5). Conclusion: Given the demonstrated dose-response association between inactivity and both poor mental health, self-harm, and suicidal attempt, there is a need to facilitate college students to become more physically active. This is a shared responsibility that resides both on a political level and on the post-secondary institutions. The crosssectional nature of the study means that one should be careful to draw firm conclusion about the direction of causality.

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Quality of Sleep and Depression in College Students: A Systematic Review

Cited by 182 publications

References 37 publications

Perception of Sleep Disturbances due to Bedtime Use of Blue Light-Emitting Devices and Its Impact on Habits and Sleep Quality among Young Medical Students

Perception of Sleep Disturbances due to Bedtime Use of Blue Light-Emitting Devices and Its Impact on Habits and Sleep Quality among Young Medical Students

Sleep, major depressive disorder, and Alzheimer disease

Physical exercise, mental health problems, and suicide attempts in university students

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