Quality of water resources in the Niger basin and in the region of Lagos (Nigeria)

Abstract

Abstract. Water quality studies in Nigeria are usually conducted at local scales and limited to a restricted number of chemical contaminants, while reliable data on trace metal concentrations (including arsenic) are relatively scarce. This study focuses on the quality of available renewable water resources in terms of major ion and trace element concentrations at selected sampling locations in the Lower River Niger basin and part of the Lagos region. A screening of water contamination by arsenic and heavy metals was carried out through water sampling at selected locations using in situ measurement and laboratory testing to estimate heavy metal concentrations and water type. The analysis reveals moderate trace element contamination of the water resources, with the exception of Pb, while Mn and, to a lesser extent, Al exceeded WHO quality standards, but the Arsenic concentrations are within drinking water quality standards and are safe for consumption and irrigation, while the water type is Bicarbonate.

Modeling Rainfall with Respect to Land Cover and Population in the Niger Delta Area Nigeria for the Period 1990-2040

“…The river flows through four climatic zones (humid tropical, dry tropical, semi-arid and arid zones), regions of rainfall spanning from 4 000 mm in the Guinea Gulf to 200 mm in the Sahel, respectively. Along the regions that the river flows through, rainfall is very variable in time and space (Adeaga et al, 2012). Its watershed is affected by a widespread environmental degradation process and a deterioration of the natural resource base.…”

“…According to a head of the Niger Basin Observatory, decades of drop in rainfall in the 1970s and 80s left water levels at up to 30 percent below normal, but in recent times, the trend has shifted and increasingly heavy rainfall during the wet season is making it difficult for people to live along the river. According to (Amosu et al, 2012), apart from climate change, coastal environment is subject to various anthropogenic impacts, which have been frequently associated with high human population, industrial and agricultural activities.…”

“…Sand was among the top four highest mined solid minerals in Nigeria in 2017 (Abdulazeez, 2021). The figure released of 1.3 million metric tons is likely to have been very far less than the actual quantity of sand mined in the country, since this practice is mainly informal, illegal, unrecorded, and unchecked in many states and local governments (Abdulazeez, 2021). According to) (Lawal, 2011), sand mining is rapidly becoming an ecological problem as demand increases in many states of Nigeria's industry and construction sectors.…”

The UNESCO FRIEND-Water program: accelerates, shares and transfers knowledge and innovation in hydrology across the world in the frame of the Intergovernmental Hydrological Program (IHP)

“…The socio-economic and ecological importance of the coastal zones of West and Central Africa in general and lagoon in particular (Adeaga et al, 2017) in a context of environmental crisis leads to a reflection on the functioning, the evolution as well as the management of the use of resources of lagoon spaces. Thus, the animation of this new theme with that of eco-hydrology is necessary to better characterize the hydrological and sedimentary dynamics of the environment in the context of global changes, and sea-level rise, already impacting most coastal areas around the world.…”

From Oil to Water? The Deepening Crises of Primitive Accumulation in the Waterscapes of Nigeria's Niger Delta

“…Pipeline ruptures are some of the many events contributing to the systemic pollution of the Niger Delta. Although there are several reports detailing the unprecedented degree of environmental pollution in the Delta region, Ogale inclusive (Adeaga et al 2017;Kakulu and Oladele 1992;Peluso and Watts 2001;Watts 2005Watts , 2004Okonta and Oronto 2003;Osha 2006;Obi 1999Obi , 2010, the report of a two-year study conducted by a multidisciplinary research team at the instance of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) really brought the deplorable environmental condition, especially that of Ogale, to the fore. According to the UNEP report, the most serious case of groundwater contamination is at Nisisioken Ogale, in Eleme LGA, close to Nigerian National Petroleum Company's product pipeline where an 8 cm layer of reÀned oil was observed Áoating on the groundwater which serves the community wells.…”