Quality parameters of the flesh of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) as affected by dietary fat content and full-fat soybean meal as a partial substitute for fish meal in the diet

Bjerkeng, Björn; Refstie, Ståle; Fjalestad, Kjersti Turid; Storebakken, Trond; Rødbotten, Marit; Roem, Andries J.

doi:10.1016/s0044-8486(97)00162-2

Cited by 184 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Similar results were observed in rainbow trout (Watanabe and Pongmaneerat 1993;Oliva-Teles et al 1994;Kaushik et al 1995) and Atlantic salmon (Refstie et al 2001;Carter and Hauler 2000). However, some results indicated that SBM inclusion had influence on the proximate composition of the fish (Cheng et al 2003;Kaushik et al 2004;Biswas et al 2007;Bjerkeng et al 1997;Wang et al 2006). In this study, no adverse effects on HSI values were observed for the diet S 0 -S 60 , while a marked increase was found for the S 80 diet.…”

Section: Whole Body Compositionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Effect of replacing fish meal with soybean meal on growth, feed utilization and nitrogen and phosphorus excretion on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

et al. 2010

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The effect of replacing fish meal with soybean meal (SBM) pretreated with phytase on feeds of juvenile rainbow trout was evaluated in a 90-day feeding trial. The rainbow trout (initial body weight, 4.01 ± 0.02 g) were fed five isonitrogenous (crude protein, 44.97%) and isolipidic (crude lipid, 13.42%) feeds. Diets were formulated to contain phytase-pretreated SBM replacing 0, 20, 40, 60 and 80% of fish meal protein, respectively. The results showed that there was no significant difference in weight gain (WG) among fish fed S0, S20, S40 and S60 diets; however, a significant reduction of this variable occurred when 80% of fish meal protein was replaced by phytase-treated SBM (P \ 0.05). Similarly, specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio had a similar trend with WG. Apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of protein and lipid in the S80 diet was significantly lower than that of the other diets, and the ADC of phosphorus significantly increased with the increase of dietary phytase-treated SBM level. No significant differences among treatments were detected for moisture, protein, lipid and ash content in whole body and muscle samples. Nitrogen and phosphorus excretion indicated that fish meal replacement by phytase-treated SBM led to an increase in nitrogen excretion, but led to a reduction in total phosphorus excretion. The results of the present study show that 60% of fish meal could be replaced by phytase-treated SBM in diets of juvenile rainbow trout without compromising weight gain or feed efficiency. A quadratic equation according to regression analysis of weight gain against dietary phytase-treated SBM level indicated that the optimal level of dietary phytase-treated SBM replacement for maximum growth was 26.90%.

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Section: Whole Body Compositionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Effect of replacing fish meal with soybean meal on growth, feed utilization and nitrogen and phosphorus excretion on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

et al. 2010

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“…The use of vegetable oils did no affect flesh quality in terms of fillet texture and organoleptic qualities, as described for other species such as Atlantic salmon (Hardy et al, 1987;Bjerkeng et al, 1997), differing from those results found by Regost et al (2003b) who described a more potato (earthy) odour and less flesh moisture of fish fed soybean oil containing diet when compared with fish fed 100% FO. However, it is difficult to compare these results among different species and different countries, since preferences for specific odour or flavour varies due to species and cultural reasons.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 73%

Growth, feed utilization and flesh quality of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed diets containing vegetable oils: A time-course study on the effect of a re-feeding period with a 100% fish oil diet

Montero¹,

Robaina²,

Caballero³

et al. 2005

Aquaculture

226

157

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In the present study 75 g European sea bass were fed for 8 months with different diets (22% dietary lipid content) containing vegetable oils at two inclusion levels. The control diet (Diet FO) contained anchovy oil as the only lipid source; in diets 60RO, 60LO, and 60SO of fish oil was substituted by rapeseed, linseed or soybean oils, respectively; finally, in diet 80LO, 80% of the fish oil was substituted by linseed oil. Fish were fed to apparent satiation three times a day. All fish were individually weighed once per month. Lipid and fatty acid composition of diets and fish fillets were determined at the beginning, middle and end of the experimental period. Once the commercial size was reached, all fish were fed a 100% FO containing diet during 150 days.No significant differences were found in feed intake. Fish fed the diets containing 80% linseed oil or 60% rapeseed oil had significant ( P b 0.05) lower growth. Flesh fatty acid composition of total lipids reflected the fatty acids in the diets. Flesh contents of n-3 HUFA were reduced to about 45% in fish fed diets 60RO, 60LO or 60SO and to about 50% in diet 80LO. This reduction was markedly higher for EPA than for DHA. High levels of oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids were found in fish fed RO, SO and LO respectively.After 150 days of re-feeding period with a 100% fish oil diet, DHA levels were restored in those fish previously fed diets containing vegetable oils, but EPA levels remained lower when compared with fish fed 100% FO diet. Flesh content of linoleic and linolenic acids remained higher in those fish previously fed soybean and linseed oil containing diets, respectively.

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“…In any fish feeding trial, acceptability of the diet (Hasan et al 1997) and digestibility of the nutrients (Cho and Kaushik 1990) are crucial factors besides source of protein , fat (Guillou et al 1995) and dietary fat content (Bjerkeng et al 1997) that can have profound influence on the growth and flesh quality of fish. In the present study, voluntary intake rate of the diet containing FO (25% and 30%) was significantly higher than the reference diet (T1) containing 40% fish meal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of fermented fish offal in formulated diet of the Indian major carp, rohu, Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

Mondal¹,

Kaviraj²,

Mukhopadhyay³

et al. 2007

Acta Icth et Piscat

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. 2007. Evaluation of fermented fish offal in formulated diet of the Indian major carp, rohu, Labeo rohita (Hamilton). Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 37 (2): 99-105.Background. Carp fish offal contains high amount of protein and lipid. The quest for protein sources alternative to fish meal has been a priority in aquaculture research because of growing concerns on the future availability of fish meal for incorporation in fish diets. This study determined the extent to which carp fish offal could be fermented and used to replace fish meal in the formulation of diet for fingerlings of Labeo rohita. Materials and Methods. Fish offal, comprising viscera of carp, was fermented along with mustard oil cake and rice bran anaerobically by a microbial suspension (10 8 cells · mL -1 ) under ambient temperature (27-30ºC). The fermented mixture was mixed with fish meal, mineral-and vitamin mixture to prepare three experimental diets: 1) a reference diet (T1), without any fermentation mixture, containing 40% fish meal, 2) a diet containing 25% fish offal (fermented) and 25% fish meal (T2), and 3) a diet containing 30% fish offal (fermented) and 20% fishmeal (T3). These diets were tested to evaluate growth and biochemical composition of the body of the fingerlings of Labeo rohita and apparent protein digestibility (APD) and intake rate of the diets by the fish. Proximate analysis of feed ingredients, experimental diets, faecal samples and the carcass were performed following the AOAC procedures. Results. Fingerlings of Labeo rohita, reared for 60 days with the diets containing fermented fish offal mixture (T2 and T3), showed higher growth and higher values of protein and lipid in the carcass than those reared with the reference diet (T1). Apparent protein digestibility of the diets did not vary significantly, but average feed intake rate of the T2 and T3 diets were higher than the T1 diet. Conclusions. Fermented fish offal is a viable alternative of fish meal in the formulation of diet for fingerlings of Labeo rohita. Fifty percent replacement of fish meal is possible by a mixture containing 30% fish offal. Further studies are required to improve quality of the fermentation mixture and increase the rate of replacement of fish meal.Keywords: fish offal, recycling, fishmeal, protein, growth, rohu, Labeo rohita ascertained as nutrient sources probably because of inherent difficulties in handling it either in dried or in raw condition. While drying of the offal results in considerable loss of the nutrients, its direct use leads to rapid spoilage of the whole diet. In the present study an attempt was made to evaluate if fish offal (FO) could be fermented and used to replace fish meal (FM) in the preparation of formulated fish diet. The process of fermentation or composting is widely employed in fish diet formulation to decrease the anti-nutritional factors and crude fibre content of plant diet stuff Das 1992, Bairagi et al. 2002). The process of fermentation improves nutritional quality of animal product also. Rangacharyulu et al. (2003) o...

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Quality parameters of the flesh of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) as affected by dietary fat content and full-fat soybean meal as a partial substitute for fish meal in the diet

Cited by 184 publications

References 36 publications

Effect of replacing fish meal with soybean meal on growth, feed utilization and nitrogen and phosphorus excretion on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Effect of replacing fish meal with soybean meal on growth, feed utilization and nitrogen and phosphorus excretion on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Growth, feed utilization and flesh quality of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed diets containing vegetable oils: A time-course study on the effect of a re-feeding period with a 100% fish oil diet

Evaluation of fermented fish offal in formulated diet of the Indian major carp, rohu, Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

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