Quanta and entropy generation

Entropy production and generation: Clarity from nanosystems considerations

“…If these methods could be introduced in the designing of nanosystems it would be a great improvement in nanotechnologies. But, to do so, it is necessary to extend classical thermodynamic analysis to nanosystems [34,39,40].…”

“…Many approaches have been developed [25], but in relation to some of them, some criticisms [26][27][28] have been counterpoised. Consequently, in this letter, following the original aim of Hill and Tsallis, we will consider only the approaches based on the well known classical thermodynamics [4,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] in order to obtain results starting from an acknowledged theory as the classical thermodynamic laws and their consequences. Indeed, applied and engineering thermodynamics is the science which studies both energy and its best use in relation to the available energy resources: energy and energy transformations, including power production, refrigeration and relationships among the properties of matter, including also living matter.…”

Some considerations on molecular machines and Loschmidt paradox

“…with S g the entropy variation due to irreversibility, named entropy generation [12], and T 0 a reference temperature, always related to an energy reference state, that, in this case, could be the temperature of the atomic nucleus [13][14][15]. The entropy generation is always positive for any real process or null for an ideal reversible process [16][17][18].…”

The Second Law Today: Using Maximum-Minimum Entropy Generation

“…Consequently, a question arises: is entropy production density maximum or minimum [3,[43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55]? This is a very interesting research topic; moreover, from an engineering thermodynamic point of view, it requires a fundamental, general principle, based on a macroscopic quantity.…”