Quantification and characterisation of suspended particulate matter in indoor air

Ormstad, Heidi; Gaarder, Per Ivar; Johansen, B.V.

doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(96)05337-5

Cited by 29 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Analysis by electron microscopy showed that the fine fraction of indoor air‐suspended PM in Oslo consisted mainly of soot, probably from diesel exhaust and indoor smoking, and sulfur particles, whereas the coarse fraction consisted mainly of large soot particles, silicates and organic matter (Ormstad et al., 1997). Indoor sources of fine particles are mainly from cooking and combustion, including ETS and wood burning (He et al., 2004; Wallace et al., 2004), whereas the coarse particles are mainly from resuspended settled dust (He et al., 2004).…”

Section: Indoor Air Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do indoor chemicals promote development of airway allergy?

et al. 2007

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Indoor chemicals (pollutants) have been accused to promote development of airway allergy by adjuvant effects. In this review, we evaluated the scientific literature and found little support for the supposition that indoor chemicals possess important adjuvant effects. This rises the question: would it be profitable for abatement of airway allergy to look for non-chemical indoor exposures, including lifestyle factors, and exposures to allergens, microorganisms, including vira, and their interactions?

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Section: Indoor Air Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do indoor chemicals promote development of airway allergy?

et al. 2007

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“…It acts as a carrier matrix for bacteria, fungi, pollens and/or their derivatives/parts affecting their shapes, sizes, chemical and biological composition and resultant aerodynamic behavior, dispersion and deposition (Behrendt et al, 1992;Glikson et al, 1995;Knox et al, 1997;Ormstad et al, 1998;Risse et al, 2000;Monn, 2001). As evident from previous studies (e.g., Lierl and Hornung, 2003), although each pollutant has its own adverse effect, the synergistic effects of particulate matter and bioaerosols can increase the chances of allergies and pulmonary problems (Adhikari et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Airborne Microflora in the Indoor Micro-Environments of Residential Houses of Lahore, Pakistan

Sidra

Ali

Sultan

et al. 2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The presence of micro-organisms in air is taken for granted, but understanding the identities, distribution and abundance of airborne micro-organisms remains in its infancy. Indoor exposure to micro-organisms has been related to range of adverse health outcomes. The indoor levels of particulate matter and bioaerosols were monitored in thirty houses across Lahore, Pakistan. Two DustTrak aerosol monitors (model 8520, TSI Inc.) were run simultaneously in the kitchens and living rooms of the selected sites to measure fine particulate matter. At the same time, agar coated petri plates were exposed face upwards for twenty minutes to sample the micro-organisms present in surrounding air of both micro-environments. A total of 7 bacterial species and 11 fungal species were identified including Staphylococcus spp., Bacillus spp., Micrococcus spp. and Serratia spp. while the predominant fungal species were Alternaria alternata and Aspergillus spp. The concentrations (cfu m ranged between 236 and 1887 in the kitchen and from 315 to 1887 in the living room. A seasonal variation in bioaerosols was evident in the kitchens while being not so pronounced in the living rooms. A linear regression model showed a direct association of temperature with bacteria and fine particulate matter but not with fungi. Ventilation was also observed to have a significant impact upon PM levels. Out of 30 households sixteen had the presence of at least one individual with allergenic reactions. These findings highlight the enhanced risk of exposure to fine particulate matter as well as bioaerosols in the urban residential built environment in Pakistan.

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“…PM 10 , with an aerodynamic diameter less than 10 μm, can be detrimental for human health because it penetrates deep into the respiratory system and lungs. PM 10–2.5 , the coarse fraction, consists mainly of organic material, silicates and larger carbon aggregates, while the fine fraction is dominated by carbon aggregates and sulfur aerosols [ 6 , 7 ]. Additionally, the coarse fraction provokes higher inflammatory responses than particles in the smaller size ranges, and the fine fraction can penetrate more deeply into the respiratory tree and evoke greater cytotoxicity [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monetary Valuation of PM10-Related Health Risks in Beijing China: The Necessity for PM10 Pollution Indemnity

Yin

Cai

2015

IJERPH

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Severe health risks caused by PM10 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm) pollution have induced inevitable economic losses and have rendered pressure on the sustainable development of society as a whole. In China, with the “Polluters Pay Principle”, polluters should pay for the pollution they have caused, but how much they should pay remains an intractable problem for policy makers. This paper integrated an epidemiological exposure-response model with economics methods, including the Amended Human Capital (AHC) approach and the Cost of Illness (COI) method, to value the economic loss of PM10-related health risks in 16 districts and also 4 functional zones in Beijing from 2008 to 2012. The results show that from 2008 to 2012 the estimated annual deaths caused by PM10 in Beijing are around 56,000, 58,000, 63,000, 61,000 and 59,000, respectively, while the economic losses related to health damage increased from around 23 to 31 billion dollars that PM10 polluters should pay for pollution victims between 2008 and 2012. It is illustrated that not only PM10 concentration but also many other social economic factors influence PM10-related health economic losses, which makes health economic losses show a time lag discrepancy compared with the decline of PM10 concentration. In conclusion, health economic loss evaluation is imperative in the pollution indemnity system establishment and should be considered for the urban planning and policy making to control the burgeoning PM10 health economic loss.

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Quantification and characterisation of suspended particulate matter in indoor air

Cited by 29 publications

References 19 publications

Do indoor chemicals promote development of airway allergy?

Do indoor chemicals promote development of airway allergy?

Assessment of Airborne Microflora in the Indoor Micro-Environments of Residential Houses of Lahore, Pakistan

Monetary Valuation of PM10-Related Health Risks in Beijing China: The Necessity for PM10 Pollution Indemnity

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