Quantification and characterization of biological activities of glansreginin A in black walnuts (Juglans nigra)

Ho, Khanh-Van; Hsieh, Hsien-Yeh; Roy, Anuradha; Foote, Sarah; McDonald, Peter; Coggeshall, Mark V.; Ito, Hideyuki; Lei, Zhentian; Sumner, Lloyd W.; Stewart, George C.; Lin, Chung-Ho

doi:10.1038/s41598-023-46134-8

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 19 publications

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“…Glansreginin A is an indicator of the quality of walnuts ( Juglans spp. ), and it was shown to exert antibacterial activity towards Gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus anthracis [ 67 ], and to be able to counteract inflammation, even if it does not exhibit antioxidant potential [ 68 ]. The content of glansreginin A varied among walnut cultivars, so much so that it was found to range from 6.8 mg/kg to 47.0 mg/kg [ 64 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Sorrento’ and ‘Tulare’ Walnut Cultivars: Morphological Traits and Phytochemical Enhancement of Their Shell Waste

Ferrara,

Cice,

Piccolella

et al. 2024

Molecules

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Walnut processing generates considerable quantities of by-products that could be reprocessed into value-added products that have food and non-food applications. In this context, the aim of this study is to characterize the ‘Sorrento’ and ‘Tulare’ walnut cultivars using the UPOV guidelines and analyze the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of their shells. Insight into the chemical composition of the different granulometric fractions of walnut shell, obtained by sieving, was obtained following ultrasound-assisted extraction by Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography–High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS). The total phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin content and antiradical capacity, obtained by DPPH and ABTS assays, and the Fe(III) reducing power of the extracts were also evaluated. The UHPLC-HRMS analysis indicated the presence of thirty-two compounds ascribable to four major classes of specialized metabolites. Furthermore, the extraction efficiency of gallic acid, ellagic acid derivatives, as well as glansreginin A, increased with the decrease in shell matrix particle size in contrast to chlorogenic acids and flavonoid glycosides. This is the first study to highlight new knowledge on the chemical composition of walnut shells. The results obtained demonstrate the feasibility of recovering valuable bioactive components from agro-waste that may be further valorized.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Sorrento’ and ‘Tulare’ Walnut Cultivars: Morphological Traits and Phytochemical Enhancement of Their Shell Waste

Ferrara,

Cice,

Piccolella

et al. 2024

Molecules

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Mechanistic Insights into the Biological Effects and Antioxidant Activity of Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Ellagitannins: A Systematic Review

Mateș,

Banc,

Zaharie

et al. 2024

Antioxidants

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Walnuts (Juglans regia L.) are an important source of ellagitannins. They have been linked to positive effects on many pathologies, including cardiovascular disorders, neurodegenerative syndromes, and cancer. The limited bioavailability of ellagitannins prevents them from reaching significant circulatory levels, despite their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and chemopreventive properties. Urolithins are ellagitannin gut microbiota-derived metabolites. They have better intestinal absorption and may be responsible for the biological activities of ellagitannins. Recent evidence showed that walnut ellagitannins and their metabolites, urolithins, could have positive outcomes for human health. This study aims to synthesize the current literature on the antioxidant activity and mechanistic pathways involved in the therapeutic potential of walnut ellagitannins and their metabolites. In the eligible selected studies (n = 31), glansreginin A, pedunculagin, and casuarictin were the most prevalent ellagitannins in walnuts. A total of 15 urolithins, their glucuronides, and sulfate metabolites have been identified in urine, blood, feces, breast milk, and prostate tissue in analyzed samples. Urolithins A and B were associated with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, anticarcinogenic, and anti-aging activities, both in preclinical and clinical studies. Despite the promising results, further well-designed studies are necessary to fully elucidate the mechanisms and confirm the therapeutic potential of these compounds in human health.

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Quantification and characterization of biological activities of glansreginin A in black walnuts (Juglans nigra)

Cited by 2 publications

References 19 publications

‘Sorrento’ and ‘Tulare’ Walnut Cultivars: Morphological Traits and Phytochemical Enhancement of Their Shell Waste

‘Sorrento’ and ‘Tulare’ Walnut Cultivars: Morphological Traits and Phytochemical Enhancement of Their Shell Waste

Mechanistic Insights into the Biological Effects and Antioxidant Activity of Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Ellagitannins: A Systematic Review

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