Quantification and mapping cooling effect and its accessibility of urban parks in an extreme heat event in a megacity

Chen, Mo; Jia, Wenxiao; Yan, Liang; Du, Chunlei; Wang, Kai

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.130252

Cited by 59 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…The larger the area and perimeter, the larger the contact area between the green space and the surrounding impervious surface, boosting the heat exchange, thus, increasing the cooling coverage. After that, GA and GSI are also significantly correlated with GCG, which is different from Chen et al ( 28 ) and Qiu et al ( 53 ). They believed that GCG is related more to the water area.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

“…But some studies believed that there was no apparent relationship between them. The number of samples analyzed in these studies is only several dozens ( 28 , 48 ). The lack of adequate samples may affect the accuracy of the studies and lead to the inconsistency of these results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the definition, 1,157 green spaces' cooling intensity was calculated as shown in Figure 4B . Besides, we also defined and quantified other indicators reflecting green space cooling capacity or landscape features, such as the green space cooling area (GCA) ( 28 ), the green space cooling efficiency (GCE) ( 44 ), the green space cooling gradient (GCG) ( 28 ), and the green space shape index (GSI), as can be seen in Table 1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…And with size increasing and shape complex decreasing, the cooling effect of parks and forests increases ( 27 ). Chen et al defined the different aspects of parks' cooling capacities, such as cooling efficiency, cooling gradient, cooling area, and cooling intensity, and found the inequity in accessing park cooling service in Wuhan, China ( 28 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Green Space Cooling Effect and Contribution to Mitigate Heat Island Effect of Surrounding Communities in Beijing Metropolitan Area

Liu

Zhao

Sun

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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With the rapid process of urbanization and global warming, many metropolises are vulnerable to high temperatures in summer, threatening the health of residents. However, green spaces can generate a cooling effect to mitigate the urban heat island effect in big cities. They can also help to improve the living quality and wellbeing of surrounding residents. In this paper, we utilized the radiative transfer equation algorithm, k-means clustering algorithm, big data crawling, and spatial analysis to quantify and map the spatial distribution, cooling capacity, and cooling contribution for surrounding communities of 1,157 green spaces within Beijing Fifth Ring Road, a typical metropolitan area. The findings showed that (1) the area proportion of the heat island in the study area is larger than that of the cooling island. Accounting for only about 30% area in the study area, the green spaces reduce the average land surface temperature by 1.32°C. (2) The spatial features of green space, such as area and shape complexity, have a significant influence on its cooling effect. (3) Four clusters of green spaces with specific spatial features and cooling capacity were identified. And there were differences among these clusters in green space cooling contribution for the surrounding communities. (4) The differences in green space cooling contribution also existed in different urban zones. Specifically, the middle zone performed significantly better than the inner and outer zones. (5) We furthered in finding that some green spaces with medium and high cooling contributions need to improve their cooling capacity soon, and some green spaces with low cooling contributions or no contributions have a good potential for constructing new communities in the future. Our study could help planners and government understand the current cooling condition of green spaces, to improve their cooling capacity, mitigate the urban heat island effect, and create a comfortable and healthy thermal environment in summer.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Green Space Cooling Effect and Contribution to Mitigate Heat Island Effect of Surrounding Communities in Beijing Metropolitan Area

Liu

Zhao

Sun

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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show abstract

“…What is more, the forest provided a cooling effect of up to 8.4 °C compared with urban reference sites [ 38 ]. A quantitative analysis of 60 parks in Wuhan showed that 54 of them have significant cooling effect, with average cooling intensity of 3.5 ± 0.2 °C [ 39 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%