Quantification of amphetamine in urine: solid-phase extraction, polymeric-reagent derivatization and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography

Fisher, Daniel H.; Bourque, André J.

doi:10.1016/0378-4347(93)80233-t

Cited by 16 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Dansyl chloride was used for derivatization of methamphetamine and amphetamine present in hair samples followed by analysis by HPLC with chemiluminescence detection (Takayama et al, 1997). The HPLC-UV analysis of amphetamine in spiked urine was also performed after derivatization of the drug with the polymeric 1-hydroxybenzotriazole reagent containing a 3,5-dinitrobenzoate active ester (Fisher and Bourque, 1993). As we intended to implement an HPLC technique with UV detection, we had to select a derivatization procedure which formed derivatives with higher molar absorptivity to improve sensitivity and preferably absorbing at high wavelengths to diminish interference.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of amphetamine and its metabolite p‐hydroxyamphetamine in rat urine by reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography after dabsyl derivatization

Soares

Carvalho

Bastos

2001

Biomedical Chromatography

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The consumption of amphetamine is illicit and controlled due to both the elicited behavioural deviations and the toxicity effects reported in abusers. Thus, amphetamine levels in biological samples must be monitored in several clinical and forensic circumstances. In spite of the interspecies differences in the preferred route of biotransformation, benzylmethylketone, benzoic acid and 4-hydroxyamphetamine are the principal metabolites of amphetamine. However, the clinical and forensic studies are focused in the parent compound and in 4-hydroxyamphetamine since benzylmethylketone is a minor metabolite in human and benzoic acid is also an endogenous compound. In the present study amphetamine and its metabolite, 4-hydroxyamphetamine, are quantified in urine by HPLC after derivatization with 4-dimethylaminoazobenzene-4'-sulfonyl chloride (dabsyl chloride). This derivatization procedure transforms amphetamine and its hydroxylated metabolite in compounds with similar lipofilicity, enabling their quantitative and simultaneous extraction with an organic solvent. The precision of the HPLC technique was 7.3 and 10.0% for amphetamine and 4-hydroxyamphetamine derivatives, respectively. For the overall procedure, including enzymatic hydrolysis, derivatization and extraction of the derivatives, the obtained values were 9.3 and 6.2%. Recoveries obtained from spiked urines for amphetamine and 4-hydroxyamphetamine were better than 97% and 94% (mean value), respectively. The detection limits of the method was 10 ng for both compounds. The principal advantages of the present proposed method are the stability of the dabsyl derivatives at room temperature and the detection carried out in the visible region, reducing the interferences detected.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of amphetamine and its metabolite p‐hydroxyamphetamine in rat urine by reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography after dabsyl derivatization

Soares

Carvalho

Bastos

2001

Biomedical Chromatography

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“…It is also a structural element of many pharmaceutical drugs such as tolterodine and 3-phenoxy-3-phenylpropanamine [5,6]. Complexes of this molecule have been used as an internal standard for various types of studies [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular structure, NMR analyses, density functional theory and ab initio Hartree–Fock calculations of 3-phenylpropylamine

Şenyel

Ünal

Alver

2009

Comptes Rendus. Chimie

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H, 13 C, DEPT, COSY, NOESY and HETCOR NMR spectra of 3-phenylpropylamine (3-PPA) have been reported in chloroform-d, dichloromethane-d, methanol-d, dimethylsulfoxide-d and acetone-d. Solvent effects on nuclear magnetic shielding and spinespin coupling constants have been investigated. Molecular geometry and 1 H, 13 C NMR chemical shifts of 3-PPA (C 9 H 13 N) have been calculated by means of the HartreeeFock (HF), BeckeeLeeeYangeParr (BLYP) and Becke-3eLeeeYangeParr (B3LYP) density functional methods with 6-311þþG(d,p) basis set, respectively. The optimized structural parameters (bond lengths, bond and dihedral angles) of 3-PPA have been calculated with HF, BLYP and B3LYP at 6-311þþG(d,p) level in the solvents used in this study. To cite this article: M.

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“…Chiral resolution of a number of amphetamine type drugs has been accomplished by CE ( 215), HPLC with fluorescence detection (216), and use of a chiral stationary phase carrying immobilized native /9-cyclodextrin (217). Amphetamine and methamphetamine have been analyzed in urine using a homogenous electrochemical immunoassay (218), RIA ( 219 230), HPLC with chemiluminescence detection (231), ELISA (232), SPE, polymericreagent derivatization and reversed-phase HPLC (233), and GC-FID and GC/MS (234). The cross-reactivity, stereoselectivity, and clinical performance of the EMIT d.a.u.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Forensic Science

Brettell¹,

Saferstein²

1995

Anal. Chem.

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Quantification of amphetamine in urine: solid-phase extraction, polymeric-reagent derivatization and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

Determination of amphetamine and its metabolite p‐hydroxyamphetamine in rat urine by reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography after dabsyl derivatization

Determination of amphetamine and its metabolite p‐hydroxyamphetamine in rat urine by reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography after dabsyl derivatization

Molecular structure, NMR analyses, density functional theory and ab initio Hartree–Fock calculations of 3-phenylpropylamine

Forensic Science

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