Quantification of Blood Viscoelasticity under Microcapillary Blood Flow

Kang, Yang Jun

doi:10.3390/mi14040814

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 48 publications

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“…Likewise, if we read anatomy books in university classrooms, for example, chapter 4 (pages 71-84) of Gray's Anatomy (2021), it is highlighted as a fact that blood and lymph fall within the concept of fascial tissue specialized [ 32 ]. Blood contains telocytes and fibrocytes (blood-borne fibroblast-like cells) and displays viscoelastic capabilities [ 33 - 35 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fascial Nomenclature: Update 2024

Bordoni,

Escher,

Castellini

et al. 2024

Cureus

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The fascial system is the focus of multiple scientific disciplines, and its nomenclature is debated. What tissue should fall under the definition of fascia? Considering university anatomy books where what is considered connective tissue is described as a fact, and through the science of embryology, which allows us to identify the origin of different body tissues, the article reviews and updates the fascial nomenclature. The text is not a point of arrival but rather a basis from which to start again, with the aim of understanding the function of the fascial continuum in the living. The history of fascial nomenclature in historical and modern contexts is reviewed, including the scientific perspective of the Foundation of Osteopathic Research and Clinical Endorsement (FORCE) organization. The latter has no profit-making purposes and does not hold any copyright.

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Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fascial Nomenclature: Update 2024

Bordoni,

Escher,

Castellini

et al. 2024

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Microfluidic viscometer using capillary pressure sensing

Kang

2023

Physics of Fluids

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Blood viscosity is considered as a vital determinant of the efficiency of blood flow in blood-vessel networks. The coflowing method is considered as a promising technique for measuring blood viscosity. However, it requires two precise syringe pumps to supply two fluids (i.e., the reference fluid and blood), calibration in advance, and long waiting time for securing steady blood flow. To solve these problems, a single syringe pump is adopted to supply blood into a microfluidic device without requiring a reference fluid. Two key parameters—fluidic resistance and compliance coefficient—are suggested and obtained by analyzing the fluid velocities in a microfluidic channel and calculating the air pressure in the air compliance unit. Using a discrete fluidic circuit model, the pressure difference is analytically derived and utilized as the nonlinear regression formula. The two key parameters are then obtained through nonlinear regression analysis. According to experimental results, the air cavity and flow rate contribute to increasing the compliance coefficient. The fluidic resistance increases significantly at higher concentrations of glycerin solution ranging from 20% to 50%. The proposed method underestimates the values by approximately 27.5% compared with the previous method. Finally, the proposed method is adopted to detect the effects of hematocrit and red blood cell sedimentation in the driving syringe based on two vital parameters. Regarding the fluidic resistance, the normalized difference between the proposed and previous methods is less than 10%. Therefore, two key parameters can be considered as effective for quantitatively monitoring the hematocrit variation in blood flow. In conclusion, from a biomechanical perspective, the proposed method is highly promising for quantifying blood flow in a microfluidic channel.

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Facile compliance-based pump for blood physiometer

Kang

2024

Physics of Fluids

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The biomechanical properties of blood are considered promising label-free biomarkers for early disease detection. Disposable pumps have been suggested as replacements for bulky and expensive syringe pumps. However, they have limitations, including initial air bubble removal, simple stop-and-run flow control, and quantification of many rheological properties. In this study, a compliance-based pump (CP) is developed by fitting a blood-loaded syringe, an air-compliance unit, and a needle into each port of a three-way valve. When blood is loaded into the microfluidic channel from the CP, the initial air bubbles are removed from the channels. By manipulating the three-way valve, blood flow is stopped immediately. Red blood cell (RBC) aggregation index (AI) is obtained by analyzing microscopic blood images. The air-compliance unit induces a transient blood flow. The time-resolved micro-particle image velocimetry technique is employed to obtain the blood velocity. The flow rate and time constant are obtained by assuming the flow rate as Q (t) = Q1 exp(−t/λ1) + Q2 exp(t/λ2) and conducting nonlinear regression analysis. The proposed method is employed to obtain the properties (AI, Q1, Q2, λ1, and λ2) of suspended bloods (hematocrit = 30%–70%, 5–30 mg/ml dextran solution, and heat-shocked RBCs). It is also used to detect four different types of suspended blood prepared by adding two types of RBCs (normal or hardened RBCs) to two types of diluents (1 × phosphate-buffered saline or dextran). In conclusion, the proposed method can be used to detect differences in suspended blood by manipulating the CP and consistently analyzing microscopic blood images.

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Quantification of Blood Viscoelasticity under Microcapillary Blood Flow

Cited by 4 publications

References 48 publications

Fascial Nomenclature: Update 2024

Fascial Nomenclature: Update 2024

Microfluidic viscometer using capillary pressure sensing

Facile compliance-based pump for blood physiometer

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