Quantification of bovine immunoglobulin G using transmission and attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy

Elsohaby, Ibrahim; McClure, J. Trenton; Riley, Christopher B.; Shaw, R. Anthony; Keefe, Gregory P.

doi:10.1177/1040638715613101

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The correlation coefficient between serum IgG levels was 0.92, as estimated by TIR spectroscopy and RID assay ( Figure 1A), similar to the correlation (r = 0.94) reported between RID and TIR spectroscopy for dairy calves (Elsohaby et al, 2016). The correlations between serum RID-IgG concentrations and Brix scores measured by digital and optical Brix refractometers were 0.80 ( Figure 1B) and 0.77 ( Figure 1C), respectively.…”

Section: Correlation Coefficientssupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Several methods have been developed to measure IgG concentration in dairy calves either directly or indirectly. Direct methods include radial immunodiffusion (RID) assay (McBeath et al, 1971), ELISA (Gelsinger et al, 2015), infrared spectroscopy (Elsohaby et al, 2016), and an automated turbidimetric immunoassay (Alley et al, 2012). Indirect methods include refractometry (Deelen et al, 2014), zinc sulfate (ZnSO 4 ) turbidity test, glutaraldehyde coagulation test, and sodium sulfate turbidity test (Tyler et al, 1996;Parish et al, 1997;Weaver et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the RID assay is the historical reference standard method for direct quantification of IgG concentration in serum, plasma, colostrum, and milk (Pritchett et al, 1994;Tyler et al, 1996;Weaver et al, 2000;Bielmann et al, 2010), it is a laboratory-based assay, takes 18 to 24 h to obtain a result, requires skills to read the plates, has a high cost, and uses reagents with a short shelf life (Liu et al, 2007;Riley et al, 2007). Thus, ELISA and infrared spectroscopy have been used recently for direct quantification of serum and colostrum IgG concentration (Baumrucker et al, 2014;Gelsinger et al, 2015;Elsohaby et al, 2016Elsohaby et al, , 2017. Results from direct methods have been used in the development of the indirect methods by adjusting the refractive index, Brix scores, specific gravity, or total protein (TP) levels to the IgG concentrations (Deelen et al, 2014;MacFarlane et al, 2014;Villarroel et al, 2014;Hernandez et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using serum and plasma samples to assess failure of transfer of passive immunity in dairy calves

Elsohaby

McClure

Waite

et al. 2019

Journal of Dairy Science

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The objectives of this study were (1) to determine the differences in IgG and total protein (TP) content of serum and plasma samples collected from the same calves; (2) to evaluate the correlation between calf serum and plasma IgG levels, Brix scores, and TP concentrations; (3) to determine whether different cutoff values should be used for plasma and serum to assess failure of transfer of passive immunity (FTPI) in dairy calves; and (4) to evaluate the level of agreement between results obtained from using serum and plasma samples of the same calves to assess FTPI using optimal cutoff values. Blood samples (n = 217) were collected from Holstein calves at 3 to 10 d of age on 30 commercial dairy farms in Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, Canada. Paired serum and plasma samples were analyzed for IgG concentration by the reference radial immunodiffusion assay, transmission infrared (TIR) spectroscopy, digital and optical Brix refractometers, and optical TP refractometer. The IgG concentrations measured by RID and TIR spectroscopy in serum were similar to those in plasma. However, the Brix and TP refractometer readings were significantly higher in plasma than in serum. The prevalence of FTPI in serum and plasma samples based on a RID-IgG concentration <10 g/L was 43.3 and 46.5%, respectively. The RID-IgG concentration was correlated with TIR-IgG (r = 0.92 and 0.89), digital Brix (r = 0.80 and 0.80), optical Brix (r = 0.77 and 0.77), and optical TP (r = 0.75 and 0.77) refractometers in serum and plasma, respectively. The correlations between paired serum and plasma IgG content were 0.85 by TIR spectroscopy, 0.80 by digital Brix, 0.77 by optical Brix, and 0.79 by optical TP refractometer. The optimal cutoff values for TIR spectroscopy, digital Brix, optical Brix, and TP refractometers to assess FTPI using serum were 13.1 g/L, 8.7% Brix, 8.4% Brix and 5.1 g/dL, respectively; and the optimal cutoff values with plasma were 13.4 g/L, 9.4% Brix, 9.3% Brix and 5.8 g/dL, respectively. When using these optimal cutoff values, the level of agreement (88.1%) between results derived from testing serum and plasma by TIR spectroscopy was substantial, with a kappa (κ) value of 0.76. The results derived from testing serum and plasma by digital Brix refractometer showed substantial agreement (83.4%), with a κ value of 0.65, which is higher than the agreement and κ value (74.7% and 0.51) reported for the optical Brix refractometer. Substantial agreement (81.6%) between serum and plasma TP was also obtained when using the optical TP refractometer, with a κ value of 0.63. In conclusion, serum or plasma samples can be used interchangeably for measuring IgG concentrations and assessing FTPI in dairy calves. However, different cutoffs must be used to assess FTPI depending on the sample matrix. Furthermore, results obtained from serum samples showed higher agreement with the reference RID assay than those obtained from plasma samples.

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Section: Correlation Coefficientssupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using serum and plasma samples to assess failure of transfer of passive immunity in dairy calves

Elsohaby

McClure

Waite

et al. 2019

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…A small, compact, portable infrared spectroscope has been manufactured that is ideally suited for field use on the farm, veterinary clinic, or small laboratory (Santos et al, 2013). Infrared spectroscopy, in combination with partial least squares (PLS) regression, has been widely used for quantifying human serum total protein and glucose (Ward et al, 1989;Shaw et al, 1998), bovine milk protein, lipid, and lactose analysis (Rutten et al, 2011a,b), as well as serum IgG in bovines (Elsohaby et al, 2014(Elsohaby et al, , 2016a, equines (Riley et al, 2007), and camelids (Burns et al, 2014). To our knowledge, no study has validated the use of IR spectroscopy for quantifying colostral IgG and assessing colostrum quality in dairy cows.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid assessment of bovine colostrum quality: How reliable are transmission infrared spectroscopy and digital and optical refractometers?

Elsohaby

McClure

Cameron

et al. 2017

Journal of Dairy Science

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The objectives of this study were to evaluate the performance of the transmission infrared (IR) spectroscopic method and digital and optical Brix refractometers for measurement of colostral IgG concentration and assessment of colostrum quality of dairy cows. Colostrum samples (n = 258) were collected from Holstein cows on 30 commercial dairy farms in Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, Canada. Colostral IgG concentrations of 255 samples were measured by the reference radial immunodiffusion (RID) assay and IR spectroscopy. The Brix scores were determined on 240 of these samples using both the digital and optical Brix refractometers. Approximately half (48%) of the colostrum samples had RID IgG concentrations <50 g/L, which was the cut-point for poor quality. The correlation between RID and IR IgG concentrations was 0.88. The correlations between RID IgG concentration and Brix scores, as determined by the digital and optical refractometers, were 0.72 and 0.71, respectively. The optimal cutoff levels for distinguishing good- and poor-quality colostrum using IR spectroscopy, and digital and optical Brix refractometers were at 35 g/L and 23% Brix, respectively. The IR spectroscopy showed higher sensitivity (90%) and specificity (86%) than the digital (74 and 80%, respectively) and optical (73 and 80%, respectively) Brix refractometers for assessment of colostrum quality, as compared with RID. In conclusion, the transmission-IR spectroscopy is a rapid and accurate method for assessing colostrum quality, but is a laboratory-based method, whereas Brix refractometers were less accurate but could be used on-farm.

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“…34 . Partial Least Squares Regression analysis (PLSR) remains one of most used analysis methods for quantitative models 35 either in different body fluids such as urine 36 , saliva 37,38 , serum 39 or to evaluate physiological responses to drugs in cells 40 . However, the serum composition is highly complex, with up to 10,000 different proteins in an overall concentration ranging from 60 to 80 mg/mL.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-filtration of human serum for improved quantitative analysis of low molecular weight biomarkers using ATR-IR spectroscopy

Bonnier

Blasco

Wasselet

et al. 2017

Analyst

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Quantification of bovine immunoglobulin G using transmission and attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy

Cited by 15 publications

References 48 publications

Using serum and plasma samples to assess failure of transfer of passive immunity in dairy calves

Using serum and plasma samples to assess failure of transfer of passive immunity in dairy calves

Rapid assessment of bovine colostrum quality: How reliable are transmission infrared spectroscopy and digital and optical refractometers?

Ultra-filtration of human serum for improved quantitative analysis of low molecular weight biomarkers using ATR-IR spectroscopy

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