Quantification of growth hormone in serum by isotope dilution mass spectrometry

Arsene, Cristian; Henrion, André; Diekmann, Nina; Manolopoulou, Jenny; Bidlingmaier, Martin

doi:10.1038/npre.2009.4050.1

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…However, the increased use of targeted hydrolysis based digestion and peptide quantification strategies has enabled the determination of protein amounts via prototypic peptides [11][12][13]. These approaches have been investigated for example for the routine analysis of human growth hormone and its biomarkers [14][15]. A number of NMIs have been developing higher order measurement procedures for the analysis of purified protein calibrators [16] and serum based matrix materials [15].…”

Section: Rationale/purposementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These approaches have been investigated for example for the routine analysis of human growth hormone and its biomarkers [14][15]. A number of NMIs have been developing higher order measurement procedures for the analysis of purified protein calibrators [16] and serum based matrix materials [15]. These approaches show great promise for the standardisation of priority protein measurands.…”

Section: Rationale/purposementioning

confidence: 99%

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Pilot study on peptide purity—synthetic human C-peptide

Josephs

Song

et al. 2017

Metrologia

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Under the auspices of the Protein Analysis Working Group (PAWG) of the Comité Consultatif pour la Quantité de Matière (CCQM) a pilot study, CCQM-P55.2, was coordinated by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) and the Chinese National Institute of Metrology (NIM). Four Metrology Institutes or Designated Institutes and the BIPM participated. Participants were required to assign the mass fraction of human C-peptide (hCP) present as the main component in the comparison sample for CCQM-P55.2. The comparison samples were prepared from synthetic human hCP purchased from a commercial supplier and used as provided without further treatment or purification. hCP was selected to be representative of the performance of a laboratory's measurement capability for the purity assignment of short (up to 5 kDa), non-cross-linked synthetic peptides/proteins. It was anticipated to provide an analytical measurement challenge representative for the value-assignment of compounds of broadly similar structural characteristics. The majority of participants used a quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (qNMR) corrected for peptide impurities. Other participants provided results obtained by peptide impurity corrected amino acid analysis (PICAA) or elemental analysis (PICCHN). It was decided to assign reference values based on the KCRVs of CCQM-K115 for both the hCP mass fraction and the mass fraction of the peptide related impurities as indispensable contributor regardless of the use of PICAA, mass balance or any other approach to determine the hCP purity. This allowed participants to demonstrate the efficacy of their implementation of the approaches used to determine the hCP mass fraction. In particular it allows participants to demonstrate the efficacy of their implementation of peptide related impurity identification and quantification. The assessment of the mass fraction of peptide impurities is based on the assumption that only the most exhaustive and elaborate set of results is taken for the calculation of the reference value. The reference value for the peptide related impurity mass fractions of the material was 83.3 mg/g with a combined standard uncertainty of 1.5 mg/g. Inspection of the degree of equivalence plots for the mass fraction of peptide impurities and additional information obtained from the peptide related impurity profile indicates that in many cases only a very small number of impurities have been identified and quantified resulting in an underestimation of the peptide related impurity mass fractions. The reference value for the mass fraction of hCP for CCQM-KP55.2 is 801.8 mg/g with a corresponding combined standard uncertainty of 3.1 mg/g. Inspection of the degree of equivalence plots for CCQM-P55.2 for the mass fraction of hCP shows that three results agree with the reference value. Main text To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM.

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Section: Rationale/purposementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rationale/purposementioning

confidence: 99%

Pilot study on peptide purity—synthetic human C-peptide

Josephs

Song

et al. 2017

Metrologia

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“…If in the future mass-based approaches like liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) will be sensitive enough to replace or at least complement the immunoassays used is an open question. Measurement of GH by LC-MS/MS is possible, but currently the technique is not sensitive enough to allow application in the low concentration ranges frequently seen in humans [36]. Furthermore, even if the measurement of 22-kD GH becomes possible with high sensitivity in serum samples, the detection of recombinant GH still remains challenging.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Detection Methods of Growth Hormone and Growth Factors

Bidlingmaier¹

2012

Developmental Biology of GH Secretion, Growth and Treatment

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Human growth hormone (GH), but also GH related growth factors like the insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) are known to be abused in sports. Although the scientific evidence supporting a distinct effect of GH on performance in healthy trained subjects is limited, it has been repeatedly found with athletes or trainers, and the recent introduction of a first test to detect GH doping has led to a number of positive cases. Currently, there is no test for the detection of IGF-1 introduced worldwide, but confiscation of the drug from sports teams can be taken as indirect evidence for its abuse. The major biochemical difficulty for the detection of GH is that the recombinant form is identical in physicochemical properties to the endogenous GH secreted by the pituitary gland. Furthermore, the very short half-life of GH in circulation inherently shortens the window of opportunity where the drug can be detected. Two strategies have been followed for more than a decade to develop a test to detect the application of recombinant GH: the marker approach, which is based on the elevation of GH-dependent markers above the level seen under physiological conditions evoked by administration of recombinant GH, and the isoform approach, which is based on a change in the pattern of GH isoforms in circulation following the injection of recombinant GH.

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“…In the meantime, methods for measuring GH by means of mass spectrometric procedures have been published [36] . However, such methods are currently neither sensitive enough to measure the very small concentrations in the sample volumes available, nor are they suitable for routine diagnostics in view of the diffi cult preparation of the samples, the costs and total expenditure.…”

Section: Growth Hormone (Gh)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical diagnosis of growth hormone related diseases1)

Bidlingmaier

2012

LaboratoriumsMedizin

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The symptoms of growth hormone defi ciency and growth hormone excess clinically impose differently before and after the completion of longitudinal growth. Always, however, biochemical diagnostics is based on the measurement of circulating concentrations of growth hormone and insulinlike growth factor I (IGF-I). Immunoassays are practical, sensitive, and mostly specifi c methods for measuring either hormone. There are, however, still serious discrepancies between the results reported from different assays. These discrepancies are mainly due to differences in the isoform specifi city of assays, the use of different standard preparations, as well as the interference of binding proteins. The method-related differences in measured results make the general application of published diagnostic decision limits more diffi cult. At an interdisciplinary consensus conference, with the participation of the Growth Hormone Research Society, the IGF Society, and the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC), the existing problems were analyzed and possible strategies were highlighted to improve the comparability between results obtained from different GH and IGF-I assays. Currently, however, the use of method-specifi c reference ranges obtained from well-characterized cohorts continues to be essential in clinical practice.

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Quantification of growth hormone in serum by isotope dilution mass spectrometry

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Pilot study on peptide purity—synthetic human C-peptide

Pilot study on peptide purity—synthetic human C-peptide

New Detection Methods of Growth Hormone and Growth Factors

Biochemical diagnosis of growth hormone related diseases1)

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