Quantification of impact of lime on mechanical behaviour of lime cement blended mortars for bedding joints in masonry systems

Ramesh, Meera; Azenha, Miguel; Lourenço, Paulo B.

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.116884

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These values and trends are consistent with the ones obtained on similar mortars by Faria et al [44]. Mortars made with lime putty typically have higher open porosity compared to mortars made with hydrated lime and lime-cement blended, due to the higher amount of water in such mixtures [12,45]. Indeed, Cizer [12] found the open porosity of lime putty mortar at 90 days to be 4-7% higher than hydrated lime mortar for different curing conditions.…”

Section: Open Porositysupporting

confidence: 86%

“…The figure also shows the comparison with the available data derived by literature concerning different types of mortar that can be possibly used in restoration. In particular, data related to cement-aerial lime blended mortars [45], natural hydraulic lime mortars [37] and cement-natural hydraulic lime blended mortars [49] were used for the comparison. Figure 12 also specifies the mix proportions for each mortar (Cement:Lime:Sand) and the water:binder ratio by volume.…”

Section: Integrative Discussion Of the Experimental Outcomes And Comparison With Literature Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Experimental analysis of lime putty and pozzolan-based mortar for interventions in archaeological sites

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The study aims at defining and characterizing a specific restoration mortar for archaeological masonry structures made with traditional materials and to assess the suitability of the mixture compared to other mortars; such a goal is crucial to develop and define interventions in the archaeological sites. The mixture was defined to ensure compatibility with ancient materials and following frequently adopted recommendations at the site, specifically by using: (1) raw materials as similar as possible to the ancient ones; (2) traditional mix design. Therefore, the mixture was made with commercial lime putty CL 90-S type and natural Phlegrean pozzolan, i.e. volcanoclastic material collected from the volcanic area located in the West of Naples in Italy. The precious and limitedly available natural pozzolan used in the experiments resulted in an exclusive mortar which is very similar to the archaeological ones. The mortar has a binder to aggregate ratio 1:3 by volume, according to traditional techniques typically encountered in the ancient Roman city of Pompeii and Vesuvius surrounding area. The evolution of the flexural and compressive strength, elastic modulus, bulk density, open porosity and ultrasonic pulse velocity has been monitored for up to 200 days, based on standard procedures. Moreover, the hardening process was monitored with Differential Thermal Analysis up to 90 days, through the evaluation of phase transitions associated with dehydroxylation and decarboxylation, considering different depths from the external surface of the mortar. The achieved mechanical properties were compatible with those of lime-based mixtures for repair interventions of ancient masonry structures. Moreover, the mortar was found to be well-suited to mitigate cracking, showing a low ratio between its stiffness and load capacity compared to other typologies of mortars used for masonry restoration. Ultrasonic pulse velocity test proved to be a reasonable complementary method to monitor the evolution of the hardened properties of the mortar. Carbonation was found to be still progressing at 90 days. The data presented provide useful and reliable information to approach the complex process of restoration in archeological sites.

show abstract

Section: Open Porositysupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Integrative Discussion Of the Experimental Outcomes And Comparison With Literature Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental analysis of lime putty and pozzolan-based mortar for interventions in archaeological sites

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…All these materials can be produced from diverse raw materials, obtaining both air lime (calcitic [31,32] and/or dolomitic [33][34][35][36]) or limes with hydraulic properties [37][38][39], all classified by EN 459-1 (2015) [40]. Furthermore, they can be blended with pozzolans [41][42][43][44][45]) and cement [46][47][48][49][50][51]. The use in both new Civil Engineering applications and conservation of Architectural Heritage [52] demand all these types of materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RILEM TC 277-LHS report: a review on the mechanisms of setting and hardening of lime-based binding systems

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The main objective of RILEM TC LHS-277 “Specifications for testing and evaluation of lime-based repair materials for historic Structures” is the revision, adaption and, when necessary proposal, of the test methods to accurately study lime-based binding systems and mixtures, such as mortars and grouts. The empiric use of the lime-based composites and the predominant employ of cement in the field of Civil Engineering have led to the widespread application of test methods developed for cement-based composites to test the former. However, the clear differences in composition and performance between modern cement binders and lime-based materials would advise to explore specific test methods for the latter. To undertake this task the previous knowledge on the mechanisms of setting and hardening of these binders must be revised, arranged and synthesized. Processes such as drying, carbonation, hydration and pozzolanic reaction may occur during the setting and hardening of lime-based mortars and competition between them cannot be underestimated. With the aim of underpinning the revision and proposal of test methods for lime-based systems, this review paper reports a comprehensive study of the mechanisms of setting and hardening of these binders, considering the variability of the composition, which includes pure air lime as well as lime with hydraulic properties, lime-cement and lime-pozzolan systems.

show abstract

“…The optimum mineral powder percentages of A and C are very close to those of the literature for mortars which are 4% and 5% respectively [12,13] , but for the mineral powder percentage of B is about 10% to 20% [12] . On the other hand, the results of the compressive strength of the sand concrete for the different percentages of lime are slightly better compared to mortars with cement-lime at 28 days, which the experimental campaign ranges from 0.4 MPa to 13 MPa [28] , but significantly better at 90 days. According to Figure 2, all the sand concretes studied with 5% mineral powders gave compressive strength values greater than those of the sand concretes with 10% and 15%.…”

Section: Compressive Strengthmentioning

confidence: 82%

Effect of Substitution of Cement by Mineral Powders on the Physicomechanical Properties and Microstructure of Sand Concretes

Belhadj¹,

Houessou²,

Montrelay³

et al. 2023

j. of archit. environ. & struct. eng. res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The approach that contributes to the development of eco-materials in construction is the use of mineral powders, which can improve mechanical properties and reduce cement consumption. This article aims to study the effect of substitution by mass of cement with mineral powders on the physicomechanical properties and microstructure of sand concretes. The used mineral powders are A: the limestone, B: the natural pozzolan, C: the hydraulic lime, D: (1/3 limestone + 1/3 natural pozzolan + 1/3 hydraulic lime), and E: (1/2 natural pozzolan + 1/2 hydraulic lime). The studied percentages are 5%, 10% and 15%, in both separated and combined states. The studied properties are workability, compressive strength, the elasticity modulus in compression, shrinkage and microstructure analysis. The objective is to target the optimal percentage of the substitution of cement with mineral powders, which ensures the best compromise between the main properties of the studied sand concretes. The obtained results show that the optimal percentage is in favor of the substitution of cement by 10% D (1/3 limestone, 1/3 natural pozzolan and 1/3 hydraulic lime). Even the 15% of mineral powder D, presented similar performances compared to the sand concrete (without mineral powders). Finally, in the context of the development of eco-materials, it should be noted that the 10% D and 15% D (1/3 limestone, 1/3 natural pozzolan and 1/3 hydraulic lime) contribute to decrease the use of cement and consequently to reduce of CO2 emissions.

show abstract

Quantification of impact of lime on mechanical behaviour of lime cement blended mortars for bedding joints in masonry systems

Cited by 22 publications

References 17 publications

Experimental analysis of lime putty and pozzolan-based mortar for interventions in archaeological sites

Experimental analysis of lime putty and pozzolan-based mortar for interventions in archaeological sites

RILEM TC 277-LHS report: a review on the mechanisms of setting and hardening of lime-based binding systems

Effect of Substitution of Cement by Mineral Powders on the Physicomechanical Properties and Microstructure of Sand Concretes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About