Quantification of laser local hyperthermia induced by gold plasmonic nanoparticles

Abstract

This paper discusses one of the key problems of laser-induced tissue/cell hyperthermia mediated by gold nanoparticles, namely, quantifying and precise prediction of the light exposure to provide a controllable local heating impact on living organisms. The distributions of such parameters as an efficiency factor of absorption, differential and integral absorbing power of a nanoparticle, temperature increment, and Arrhenius damage integral were used to quantify nanoparticle effectiveness in the two-dimensional coordinate space “laser wavelength (λ) × radius of gold nanoparticles (R).” It was found that the fulfillment of required spatial and temporal characteristics of temperature fields in the vicinity of nanoparticle determines the optimal λ and R. As a result, the area in the space (λ × R) with a minimal criticality to alterations of the local hyperthermia may be significantly displaced from the position of the plasmonic resonance. The aspects of generalization of the proposed methodology for the analysis of local hyperthermia using nanoparticles of different shapes (nanoshells, nanorods, nanostars) and short pulse laser radiation are discussed.

A Novel Nanoparticle Mediated Selective Inner Retinal Photocoagulation for Diseases of the Inner Retina

“…Due to surface plasmon resonance [15, 39, 42–44], NP’s such as gold nanospheres and gold-silica nanoshells exhibit enhanced light absorption and/or scattering optical properties at a specific laser wavelength [67, 68]. The resonant wavelength of a nanoparticle is dependent on its geometry.…”

“…However, with the recent advancement in nanoparticle based drug delivery and nanoparticle based laser heating, it is possible to device a new strategy to treat ocular diseases using functionalized nanoparticlemediated laser photocoagulation procedures to achieve a targeted, localized, and an efficient treatment of diseases of the inner retina [35, 38–41]. The noble metal nanoparticles mediated laser hyperthermia procedures exhibit an increased absorption of light at a particular wavelength due to localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) [15, 39, 42–44]. Recent NP mediated laser induced hyperthermia and thermal therapies have used the LSPR phenomenon of nanoparticles in various treatment strategies such as cancer treatment and port-wine stains treatment [15].…”

Towards Effective Photothermal/Photodynamic Treatment Using Plasmonic Gold Nanoparticles

“…Recently, there has been significant progress in the development of theoretical analysis methods for examining the photothermal effects of nanoparticles (NPs) on tissues and cells [45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56]. The general scheme of the theoretical modeling [47,52,53,54,55] is shown in Figure 2.…”

“…The thermal response on the laser irradiation can be found from the solution of the heat equation [47,53,55] $c\mathsf{\rho }\frac{\partial T}{\partial t}=div[k\cdot grad(T)]+U$…”

“…The irreversible thermal damage of a particular type of a tissue or a cell is described by the condition for Arrhenius damage function or integral [46,47]: $\Omega (r,\tau )=A{\displaystyle \underset{0}{\overset{\tau }{\int }}\exp }(-\frac{E_a}{R_{g}T(r,t)})dt\ge 1$…”