Quantification of levoglucosan and its isomers by High Performance Liquid Chromatography – Electrospray Ionization tandem Mass Spectrometry and its applications to atmospheric and soil samples

Piot, C.; Jaffrezo, Jeań Luc; Cozic, J.; Pissot, Nicolas; Haddad, Imad El; Marchand, Nicolas; Besombes, Jean-Luc

doi:10.5194/amt-5-141-2012

Cited by 55 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This trend has been commonly observed in the area of Leipzig and can be explained with a more continental character of eastern air masses (western air masses typically spend considerable time above the Atlantic Ocean) and higher PM pollution in eastern European countries (e.g. Pokorná et al, 2013Pokorná et al, , 2015.…”

Section: Allocation Of Pmf Source Contributionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Long-range and local air pollution: what can we learn from chemical speciation of particulate matter at paired sites?

et al. 2020

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Abstract. Here we report results of a detailed analysis of the urban and non-urban contributions to particulate matter (PM) concentrations and source contributions in five European cities, namely Schiedam (the Netherlands, NL), Lens (France, FR), Leipzig (Germany, DE), Zurich (Switzerland, CH) and Barcelona (Spain, ES). PM chemically speciated data from 12 European paired monitoring sites (one traffic, five urban, five regional and one continental background) were analysed by positive matrix factorisation (PMF) and Lenschow's approach to assign measured PM and source contributions to the different spatial levels. Five common sources were obtained at the 12 sites: sulfate-rich (SSA) and nitrate-rich (NSA) aerosols, road traffic (RT), mineral matter (MM), and aged sea salt (SS). These sources explained from 55 % to 88 % of PM mass at urban low-traffic-impact sites (UB) depending on the country. Three additional common sources were identified at a subset of sites/countries, namely biomass burning (BB) (FR, CH and DE), explaining an additional 9 %–13 % of PM mass, and residual oil combustion (V–Ni) and primary industrial (IND) (NL and ES), together explaining an additional 11 %–15 % of PM mass. In all countries, the majority of PM measured at UB sites was of a regional+continental (R+C) nature (64 %–74 %). The R+C PM increments due to anthropogenic emissions in DE, NL, CH, ES and FR represented around 66 %, 62 %, 52 %, 32 % and 23 %, respectively, of UB PM mass. Overall, the R+C PM increments due to natural and anthropogenic sources showed opposite seasonal profiles with the former increasing in summer and the latter increasing in winter, even if exceptions were observed. In ES, the anthropogenic R+C PM increment was higher in summer due to high contributions from regional SSA and V–Ni sources, both being mostly related to maritime shipping emissions at the Spanish sites. Conversely, in the other countries, higher anthropogenic R+C PM increments in winter were mostly due to high contributions from NSA and BB regional sources during the cold season. On annual average, the sources showing higher R+C increments were SSA (77 %–91 % of SSA source contribution at the urban level), NSA (51 %–94 %), MM (58 %–80 %), BB (42 %–78 %) and IND (91 % in NL). Other sources showing high R+C increments were photochemistry and coal combustion (97 %–99 %; identified only in DE). The highest regional SSA increment was observed in ES, especially in summer, and was related to ship emissions, enhanced photochemistry and peculiar meteorological patterns of the Western Mediterranean. The highest R+C and urban NSA increments were observed in NL and associated with high availability of precursors such as NOx and NH3. Conversely, on average, the sources showing higher local increments were RT (62 %–90 % at all sites) and V–Ni (65 %–80 % in ES and NL). The relationship between SSA and V–Ni indicated that the contribution of ship emissions to the local sulfate concentrations in NL has strongly decreased since 2007 thanks to the shift from high-sulfur- to low-sulfur-content fuel used by ships. An improvement of air quality in the five cities included here could be achieved by further reducing local (urban) emissions of PM, NOx and NH3 (from both traffic and non-traffic sources) but also SO2 and PM (from maritime ships and ports) and giving high relevance to non-urban contributions by further reducing emissions of SO2 (maritime shipping) and NH3 (agriculture) and those from industry, regional BB sources and coal combustion.

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Section: Allocation Of Pmf Source Contributionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Long-range and local air pollution: what can we learn from chemical speciation of particulate matter at paired sites?

et al. 2020

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“…Several analytical techniques have been presented for the analysis of levoglucosan, e.g., gas chromatography (GC) and diverse liquid-chromatographic (LC) techniques, such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and highperformance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC) with mass spectrometric (MS) or pulsed amperometric detection (PAD) (e.g., Dye and Yttri, 2005;Engling et al, 2006;Schkolnik and Rudich, 2006;Iinuma et al, 2009;Saarnio et al, 2010b;Piot et al, 2012). The analysis of levoglucosan is traditionally conducted from filter samples with sampling durations from several hours to days.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Online determination of levoglucosan in ambient aerosols with particle-into-liquid sampler – high-performance anion-exchange chromatography – mass spectrometry (PILS–HPAEC–MS)

et al. 2013

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Abstract. Biomass burning, such as domestic heating, agricultural, and wild open-land fires, has a significant influence on the atmosphere at the global and, especially, at the local scale. Levoglucosan has been shown to be a good tracer for biomass burning emissions in atmospheric particulate matter, and several analytical techniques have been presented for the determination of levoglucosan from filter samples. In this paper, a novel combination of a particle-into-liquid sampler (PILS) to a high-performance anion-exchange chromatograph (HPAEC) with the detection by a mass spectrometer (MS) is presented for the online analysis of levoglucosan in ambient particles. The PILS-HPAEC-MS technique enables a fast online analysis of levoglucosan from the particulate samples. The method was tested at an urban background station in Helsinki, Finland, in winter 2011. A comparison with simultaneous levoglucosan measurements from filter samples by the HPAEC-MS was performed and it showed a good agreement between the online and offline methods. Additionally, the online levoglucosan data were compared with the biomass burning tracer fragments measured by a high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS). As there were no local biomass burning sources close to the measurement station, online levoglucosan measurements revealed that most of the particles from biomass burning were either regionally distributed or long-range transported in the urban background of Helsinki. The average levoglucosan concentrations were relatively low (average 0.083 µg m −3 ) during the measurement campaign. The highest concentration peak measured for levoglucosan (1.4 µg m −3 ) seemed to originate from biomass burning in the Baltic countries, likely in Estonia, that was transported to Helsinki.

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“…Black carbon concentrations were measured using a 7wavelength aethalometer measurement device (MAGEE Scientific, model AE31-ER). Levoglucosan and methanesulfonic acid were measured using PM 2.5 filters (quartz fiber filters, Tissuquartz ® ) analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography with a mass spectrometric detector (Piot et al, 2012) and ion chromatography coupled with a conductivity detector, respectively. In Sect.…”

Section: Other Data and Source Apportionment Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary and secondary organic aerosol origin by combined gas-particle phase source apportionment

Crippa¹,

Canonaco²,

Slowik³

et al. 2013

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Secondary organic aerosol (SOA), a predominant fraction of particulate organic mass (OA), remains poorly constrained. Its formation involves several unknown precursors, formation and evolution pathways and multiple natural and anthropogenic sources. Here a combined gas-particle phase source apportionment is applied to wintertime and summertime data collected in the megacity of Paris in order to investigate SOA origin during both seasons. This was possible by combining the information provided by an aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) and a proton transfer reaction mass spectrometer (PTR-MS). A better constrained apportionment of primary OA (POA) sources is also achieved using this methodology, making use of gas-phase tracers. These tracers allowed distinguishing between biogenic and continental/anthropogenic sources of SOA. We found that continental SOA was dominant during both seasons (24–50% of total OA), while contributions from photochemistry-driven SOA (9% of total OA) and marine emissions (13% of total OA) were also observed during summertime. A semi-volatile nighttime component was also identified (up to 18% of total OA during wintertime). This approach was successfully applied here and implemented in a new source apportionment toolkit

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Quantification of levoglucosan and its isomers by High Performance Liquid Chromatography – Electrospray Ionization tandem Mass Spectrometry and its applications to atmospheric and soil samples

Cited by 55 publications

References 33 publications

Long-range and local air pollution: what can we learn from chemical speciation of particulate matter at paired sites?

Long-range and local air pollution: what can we learn from chemical speciation of particulate matter at paired sites?

Online determination of levoglucosan in ambient aerosols with particle-into-liquid sampler – high-performance anion-exchange chromatography – mass spectrometry (PILS–HPAEC–MS)

Primary and secondary organic aerosol origin by combined gas-particle phase source apportionment

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