Quantification of lipoprotein profiles by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and multivariate data analysis

Aru, Violetta; Lam, Chloie; Khakimov, Bekzod; Hoefsloot, Huub C. J.; Zwanenburg, G.; Lind, Mads Vendelbo; Schäfer, Hartmut; Duynhoven, John van; Jacobs, Doris M.; Smilde, Age K.; Engelsen, Søren B.

doi:10.1016/j.trac.2017.07.009

Cited by 63 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…In the case of serum, coagulation factors (i.e., fibrinogen) and blood cells are removed by centrifugation, while plasma is typically obtained from blood samples with an added anticoagulant agent (i.e., heparin or EDTA). These agents produce high intensity peaks (EDTA) or overlapping signals (heparin) in the NMR spectra [76], which is why for some NMR applications, serum may be preferred to plasma. However, the metabolic profiles detected in plasma and serum by NMR are comparable, although signals from EDTA complicate the plasma spectrum profile [77].…”

Section: Sample Handling and Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Title: Human Serum/Plasma Glycoprotein Analysis by 1H-NMR, an Emerging Method of Inflammatory Assessment

Fuertes-Martín

Correig

Vallvé

et al. 2020

JCM

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Several studies suggest that variations in the concentration of plasma glycoproteins can influence cellular changes in a large number of diseases. In recent years, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) has played a major role as an analytical tool for serum and plasma samples. In recent years, there is an increasing interest in the characterization of glycoproteins through 1H-NMR in order to search for reliable and robust biomarkers of disease. The objective of this review was to examine the existing studies in the literature related to the study of glycoproteins from an analytical and clinical point of view. There are currently several techniques to characterize circulating glycoproteins in serum or plasma, but in this review, we focus on 1H-NMR due to its great robustness and recent interest in its translation to the clinical setting. In fact, there is already a marker in H-NMR representing the acetyl groups of the glycoproteins, GlycA, which has been increasingly studied in clinical studies. A broad search of the literature was performed showing a general consensus that GlycA is a robust marker of systemic inflammation. The results also suggested that GlycA better captures systemic inflammation even more than C-reactive protein (CRP), a widely used classical inflammatory marker. The applications reviewed here demonstrated that GlycA was potentially a key biomarker in a wide range of diseases such as cancer, metabolic diseases, cardiovascular risk, and chronic inflammatory diseases among others. The profiling of glycoproteins through 1H-NMR launches an encouraging new paradigm for its future incorporation in clinical diagnosis.

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Section: Sample Handling and Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Title: Human Serum/Plasma Glycoprotein Analysis by 1H-NMR, an Emerging Method of Inflammatory Assessment

Fuertes-Martín

Correig

Vallvé

et al. 2020

JCM

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“…As the biological sample is physically isolated from the NMR instrument, NMR is nondestructive, and lipoproteins in plasma are preserved. As NMR is sensitive to the size and density of macromolecule aggregates, the density, size, and particle number of lipoprotein subclasses can be quantified using NMR [18]. NMR can also efficiently and accurately quantify total lipids and the content of lipid species (i.e., total TAG, total cholesterol, total phospholipids, and total sphingolipids) within lipoprotein subclasses [18].…”

Section: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (Nmr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As NMR is sensitive to the size and density of macromolecule aggregates, the density, size, and particle number of lipoprotein subclasses can be quantified using NMR [18]. NMR can also efficiently and accurately quantify total lipids and the content of lipid species (i.e., total TAG, total cholesterol, total phospholipids, and total sphingolipids) within lipoprotein subclasses [18]. However, given that lipoprotein are complex compounds composed of various lipids, the identification of individual lipids within lipoprotein subclasses is difficult using NMR.…”

Section: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (Nmr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We identified 16 studies which are listed in Table S1. As to methods of lipid measurement, two early studies used shotgun lipidomics [19,20], two studies used NMR measuring total lipids, triglycerides, and cholesterol within l4 lipoprotein subclasses [21,22], and the majority of studies used LC-MS, measuring hundreds of lipids [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. Eight of the 16 studies were lipidomics/metabolomics-wide association studies that assessed associations of all measured lipids with CVD outcomes [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26], six studies used a candidate-lipid approach by focusing on specific lipids such as ceramides [27][28][29][30][31][32], and two studies classified lipids into groups and examined global associations of lipid species with CVD outcomes [33,34].…”

Section: Summary Of Recent Studies On Lipidomics For Cvdmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Lipidomics of Cardiovascular Disease Highlights the Importance of Isolating Lipoproteins

Ding

Rexrode

2020

Metabolites

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Cutting-edge lipidomic profiling measures hundreds or even thousands of lipids in plasma and is increasingly used to investigate mechanisms of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In this review, we introduce lipidomic techniques, describe distributions of lipids across lipoproteins, and summarize findings on the association of lipids with CVD based on lipidomics. The main findings of 16 cohort studies were that, independent of total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), ceramides (d18:1/16:0, d18:1/18:0, and d18:1/24:1) and phosphatidylcholines (PCs) containing saturated and monounsaturated fatty acyl chains are positively associated with risks of CVD outcomes, while PCs containing polyunsaturated fatty acyl chains (PUFA) are inversely associated with risks of CVD outcomes. Lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs) may be positively associated with risks of CVD outcomes. Interestingly, the distributions of the identified lipids vary across lipoproteins: LPCs are primarily contained in HDLs, ceramides are mainly contained in low-density lipoproteins (LDLs), and PCs are distributed in both HDLs and LDLs. Thus, the potential mechanism behind previous findings may be related to the effect of the identified lipids on the biological functions of HDLs and LDLs. Only eight studies on the lipidomics of HDL and non-HDL particles and CVD outcomes have been conducted, which showed that higher triglycerides (TAGs), lower PUFA, lower phospholipids, and lower sphingomyelin content in HDLs might be associated with a higher risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). However, the generalizability of these studies is a major concern, given that they used case-control or cross-sectional designs in hospital settings, included a very small number of participants, and did not correct for multiple testing or adjust for blood lipids such as HDL-c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), or TAGs. Overall, findings from the literature highlight the importance of research on lipidomics of lipoproteins to enhance our understanding of the mechanism of the association between the identified lipids and the risk of CVD and allow the identification of novel lipid biomarkers in HDLs and LDLs, independent of HDL-c and LDL-c. Lipidomic techniques show the feasibility of this exciting research direction, and the lack of high-quality epidemiological studies warrants well-designed prospective cohort studies.

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“…For practical applications of NMR, an odd number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus have a nonzero spin and a magnetic moment, among which we highlight those odd nuclei with a spin number of ½ (Mlynárik, ). NMR is normally used for structure elucidation and chemical mixture quantifications (Aru et al., ; Kuballa, Brunner, Thongpanchang, Walch, & Lachenmeier, ). Table shows the main applications of NMR in spices’ authentication.…”

Section: Isotopic Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nontargeted Analytical Methods as a Powerful Tool for the Authentication of Spices and Herbs: A Review

Oliveira

Cruz-Tirado

Barbin

2019

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

110

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Food fraud in herbs and spices is an important topic, which has led to new technologies being studied as potential tools for fraud identification. Nontargeted technologies have proven to be a useful tool for the authentication of herbs and spices. The present review focuses on the use of near‐infrared, hyperspectral imaging, Fourier‐transform infrared, Raman, nuclear magnetic resonance, and electron spin resonance spectroscopy for the authentication of spices, which includes the determination of origin and irradiated spices and the identification of adulterants. The methods developed based on vibrational spectroscopy combined with chemometric techniques seem to be promising tools for determining the presence of adulterants and contaminants in herbs and spices. On the other hand, nuclear magnetic resonance seems to be the most efficient technology to determine the origin of herbs and spices although, for some cases, studies with near‐infrared spectroscopy can be a viable substitute. Electron spin resonance spectroscopy is the technique par excellence used for the authentication of irradiated herbs and spices, so its use should be expanded to many more spices’ varieties. Portable devices are preferred by those involved in the food industry, due to its manageability and low cost. Data fusion and big data are shown as promising tools for spice fraud control. In conclusion, spectroscopic techniques show a great efficiency to authenticate spices, although their evaluation must be expanded to other spice varieties, to new strategies of data analysis (as data fusion and big data), and to the use of portable devices.

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Quantification of lipoprotein profiles by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and multivariate data analysis

Cited by 63 publications

References 55 publications

Title: Human Serum/Plasma Glycoprotein Analysis by 1H-NMR, an Emerging Method of Inflammatory Assessment

Title: Human Serum/Plasma Glycoprotein Analysis by 1H-NMR, an Emerging Method of Inflammatory Assessment

A Review of Lipidomics of Cardiovascular Disease Highlights the Importance of Isolating Lipoproteins

Nontargeted Analytical Methods as a Powerful Tool for the Authentication of Spices and Herbs: A Review

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