Abstract:Deep tendon reflexes are one of the main components of the clinical nervous system examinations. These assessments are inexpensive and quick. However, evaluation can be subjective and qualitative. This study aimed to objectively evaluate hyperreflexia of the patellar tendon reflex using portable mechanomyography (MMG) and electromyography (EMG) devices. This study included 10 preoperative patients (20 legs) who had a pathology that could cause bilateral patellar tendon hyperreflexia and 12 healthy volunteers (… Show more
“…26 The proposed system used in this study does not require a large laboratory setup or skin preparation. In a more recent study done by Tsuji et al (2021), researchers used Mechanomyography (MMG) and Electromyography (EMG) devices to objectively characterize PTR response which could be helpful in clinical practice to diagnose neurological disorders. 27 In a study by Kim YW (2015), a novel DTR apparatus was designed to assess its clinical utility using goniometric measurements.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In a more recent study done by Tsuji et al (2021), researchers used Mechanomyography (MMG) and Electromyography (EMG) devices to objectively characterize PTR response which could be helpful in clinical practice to diagnose neurological disorders. 27 In a study by Kim YW (2015), a novel DTR apparatus was designed to assess its clinical utility using goniometric measurements. 28 This study employed an electrogoniometer to measure the knee angular displacement and angular velocity.…”
Introduction: Deep tendon reflex evaluation is a part of the neurological examination and a wide variety of neurological and neuromuscular disorders manifest alterations in deep tendon reflex responses. Conventional methods to assess tendon reflexes in clinical practice are subjective and provide categorical data that might not be adequate in the interpretation. Hence, a quantitative tool is warranted to provide an objective outcome of tendon reflex assessment. The goal of this work was to use an indigenously designed method to characterize the tendon reflex responses. Materials & methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken in 40 healthy subjects aged between 20 and 45years. Assessment of the tendon reflex was performed using wearable biosensors to characterize it into quantitative variables. A strategic protocol was followed to test the accuracy and repeatability of the outcome. Results: Analysis of phase -I results of the subjective assessment showed high interrater variability and significant bilateral PTR test variability. Whereas the results of the objective assessment showed that the bilateral PTR test variability is minimal by both the assessors. However, the results of all quantified PTR test variables showed an insignificant inter-observer variability except for T 1, TTE and PEAD (p < 0.05*).
Conclusion:The findings of this study suggest that quantified tendon reflex using wearable biosensors could provide a piece of valuable information during neurological examination in clinical settings. The proposed tendon reflex quantification tool is noninvasive, portable and inexpensive that can be used for field studies in different clinical conditions.
“…26 The proposed system used in this study does not require a large laboratory setup or skin preparation. In a more recent study done by Tsuji et al (2021), researchers used Mechanomyography (MMG) and Electromyography (EMG) devices to objectively characterize PTR response which could be helpful in clinical practice to diagnose neurological disorders. 27 In a study by Kim YW (2015), a novel DTR apparatus was designed to assess its clinical utility using goniometric measurements.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In a more recent study done by Tsuji et al (2021), researchers used Mechanomyography (MMG) and Electromyography (EMG) devices to objectively characterize PTR response which could be helpful in clinical practice to diagnose neurological disorders. 27 In a study by Kim YW (2015), a novel DTR apparatus was designed to assess its clinical utility using goniometric measurements. 28 This study employed an electrogoniometer to measure the knee angular displacement and angular velocity.…”
Introduction: Deep tendon reflex evaluation is a part of the neurological examination and a wide variety of neurological and neuromuscular disorders manifest alterations in deep tendon reflex responses. Conventional methods to assess tendon reflexes in clinical practice are subjective and provide categorical data that might not be adequate in the interpretation. Hence, a quantitative tool is warranted to provide an objective outcome of tendon reflex assessment. The goal of this work was to use an indigenously designed method to characterize the tendon reflex responses. Materials & methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken in 40 healthy subjects aged between 20 and 45years. Assessment of the tendon reflex was performed using wearable biosensors to characterize it into quantitative variables. A strategic protocol was followed to test the accuracy and repeatability of the outcome. Results: Analysis of phase -I results of the subjective assessment showed high interrater variability and significant bilateral PTR test variability. Whereas the results of the objective assessment showed that the bilateral PTR test variability is minimal by both the assessors. However, the results of all quantified PTR test variables showed an insignificant inter-observer variability except for T 1, TTE and PEAD (p < 0.05*).
Conclusion:The findings of this study suggest that quantified tendon reflex using wearable biosensors could provide a piece of valuable information during neurological examination in clinical settings. The proposed tendon reflex quantification tool is noninvasive, portable and inexpensive that can be used for field studies in different clinical conditions.
“…We have proved that the work rate, EMG, and dMMG are in a linear relationship for a certain load using the developed transducer 18 . There is a recent study that uses this transformer to objectively quantify the patellar tendon reflex and use it to diagnose neurological diseases 19 . Figure 1 Example of measuring EMG and dMMG.…”
Electromyography (EMG) and mechanomyography (MMG) have been used to directly evaluate muscle function through the electromechanical aspect of muscle contraction. The purpose of this study was to establish new absolute indices to describe muscle contraction performance during dynamic exercise by combining EMG and displacement MMG (dMMG) measured simultaneously using our previously developed MMG/EMG hybrid transducer system. Study participants were eight healthy male non-athletes (controls) and eight male athletes. EMG and dMMG of the vastus medialis were measured for 30 s during four cycles of recumbent bicycle pedaling (30, 60, 90, and 120 W) and on passive joint movement. Total powers were calculated based on the time domain waveforms of both signals. Muscle contraction performance was verified with the slope of regression line (SRL) and the residual sum of squares (RSS) obtained from EMG and dMMG correlation. EMG and dMMG has increased with the work rate. Force and EMG were similar between groups, but dMMG showed a significant difference with load increase. Athletes had significantly higher SRL and significantly lower RSS than controls. The average value divided by SRL and RSS was higher in athletes than in controls. The indices presented by the combined approach of EMG and dMMG showed a clear contrast between the investigated groups and may be parameters that reflect muscle contraction performance during dynamic exercise.
“…We have proved that the work rate, EMG, and dMMG are in a linear relationship for a certain load using the developed transducer 18 . There is a recent study that uses this transformer to objectively quantify the patellar tendon re ex and use it to diagnose neurological diseases 19 .…”
Electromyography (EMG) and mechanomyography (MMG) have been used to directly evaluate muscle function through the electromechanical aspect of muscle contraction. The purpose of this study was to establish new absolute indices to describe muscle contraction performance during dynamic exercise by combining EMG and displacement MMG (dMMG) measured simultaneously using our previously developed MMG/EMG hybrid transducer system. Study participants were eight healthy male non-athletes (controls) and eight male athletes. EMG and dMMG of the vastus medialis were measured for 30 s during four cycles of recumbent bicycle pedaling (30, 60, 90, and 120 W) and on passive joint movement. Total powers were calculated based on the time domain waveforms of both signals. Muscle contraction performance was verified with the slope of regression line (SRL) and the residual sum of squares (RSS) obtained from EMG and dMMG correlation. EMG and dMMG has increased with the work rate. Force and EMG were similar between groups, but dMMG showed a significant difference with load increase. Athletes had significantly higher SRL and significantly lower RSS than controls. The average value divided by SRL and RSS was higher in athletes than in controls. The indices presented by the combined approach of EMG and dMMG showed a clear contrast between the investigated groups and may be parameters that reflect muscle contraction performance during dynamic exercise.
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