Quantification of theophylline or paracetamol in milk matrices by high-performance liquid chromatography

Abstract

A simple, accurate and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed, validated and applied to the determination of either theophylline or paracetamol in milk-based samples. The method allowed drug quantification in fresh and powdered milk with a relatively short run time of analysis and it was also successfully applied to the quantification of the drugs in solid dosage forms intended for pediatric use. Moreover, the main significant advantages over other published works are the simplicity of the sample preparation, reduced assay time and sample loss. The method meets the International Conference on Harmonization guideline for analytical methods validation regarding specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, specificity and robustness as required by health authorities and applied by industry while designing and marketing new drug products. The technique encompasses the separation of the analytes with a reverse phase C18 column under isocratic conditions and UV detection at 272 nm and 243 nm, respectively, for theophylline and paracetamol. The lower limit of quantification for both drugs was determined as 0.2 µg/mL and the between-batch accuracy was approximately 99.7%. This HPLC method allows quantification of theophylline and paracetamol in milk matrices and it can be applied in the design, development and production of milk-based pediatric dosage forms.

An adhesive SERS substrate based on a stretched silver nanowire-tape for the in situ multicomponent analysis of pesticide residues

“…With the increasing usage of pesticides in non-standard ways, their residues have become a global concern, 1 triggering various conventional protocols, including high-performance liquid chromatography, 2 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, 3 fluorescence, 4 and gas chromatography 5 for their effective detection. Nevertheless, these analytical strategies usually require precision operations and expensive instruments, which limit their applications in on-site trace analysis.…”

Chemically modified carbon-based electrodes for the determination of paracetamol in drugs and biological samples

“…Several conventional techniques have been performed to determine PCT, including high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [ 4 ], gas chromatography [ 5 ], thin layer chromatography [ 6 ], micellar electrokinetic chromatography [ 7 ], spectrophotometry [ 8 ], spectrofluorimetry [ 9 ], mass spectroscopy [ 10 ], chemiluminescence [ 11 ], capillary electrophoresis [ 12 ] and colorimetry [ 13 ]. Most of these techniques are time consuming, require complex equipment, or are costly.…”

Selective and sensitive visible-light-prompt photoelectrochemical sensor of paracetamol based on Bi2WO6 modified with Bi and copper sulfide

“…Various approaches have been employed for the determination of paracetamol in pharmaceutical tablets and biological fluids including UV-vis spectrophotometry, 4 high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), 5 fluorescence, 6 and electrochemical techniques. 7 Among these methods, electrochemical methods attract enormous attention due to their fast response, high sensitivity and real-time detection, but they suffer from low selectivity.…”