Quantification of Uncertainties from Image Processing and Analysis in Laboratory-Scale DNAPL Release Studies Evaluated by Reflective Optical Imaging

Engelmann, Christian; Schmidt, Luisa; Werth, Charles J.; Walther, Marc

doi:10.3390/w11112274

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 79 publications

(141 reference statements)

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“…However, under certain conditions, pathogenic microorganisms or opportunistic pathogens can reach the dental unit through the water supply chain [49]. The microbiological quality of the water samples collected throughout the city system does not necessarily correspond to the microbiological quality that could be detected at points closer to the dental practice [17,33,[50][51][52].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting Water Quality and Sustainability in Dental Practices in Greece

Antoniadou,

Intzes,

Kladouchas

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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Good water quality, achieved with environmentally friendly means, is essential in ensuring the safe operation of a dental practice. Our aim was to evaluate procedures and protocols used by dentists for water quality and sustainability. Greek dentists (n = 206) participated in this questionnaire-based study. Statistically significant results (p < 0.05) have shown that (a) female dentists were more interested in additional information about water quality (87.5% vs. 71.8%), had water supply directly from the public network to the dental unit (68.8% vs. 73.8%), were more likely to disinfect surfaces between two appointments (97.7% vs. 88.0%) and were more likely to perform annual maintenance to the dental unit (66.3% vs. 57.9%). (b) More experienced dentists were also more likely to clean the waterline network of the unit with a large amount of fluid once a day (39.3–48.3%), had newer equipment, had more handpieces, and spent more time cleaning and disinfecting the unit (χ2 = 26.21). (c) Dentists who have studied abroad were more likely to perform less strict antiseptic protocols while believing that their practices are environmentally friendly (χ2 = 10.93). Dentists with some postgraduate education were more likely to have an assistant, know the active substance of the antiseptic, supply antiseptic to the handpieces automatically and maintain the dental unit annually (χ2 = 7.24). (d) Dentists who practiced general dentistry were less likely to have an assistant and performed less strict protocols while they cleaned suctions with a large amount of fluid less often (χ2 = 11.64). Dentists who practiced in a clinic (with employees) were more likely to have newer equipment, have an assistant and perform stricter water sustainability protocols. (e) Dentists with a higher annual income were also more likely to have an assistant, perform microbiological tests for the quality of the water of the unit, have a continuous water supply system and perform stricter protocols for water quality of the unit. Overall, less experienced (and younger) dentists are more informed about water quality legislation (27.6%) compared to more experienced and older dentists (13.2–17.5%). Gender, work experience, level of education and dental office characteristics are important factors determining water sustainability, waterlines, and equipment maintenance in dental practice. Dental associations should raise awareness regarding water quality and sustainability, investing in lifelong learning, while implementing protocols and green strategies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting Water Quality and Sustainability in Dental Practices in Greece

Antoniadou,

Intzes,

Kladouchas

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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show abstract

“…It should be emphasized that the bacterial load of environmental waters is controlled at the origin by microbiological checks on samples taken upstream of the catchment area. However, the microbiological quality of the water recorded "at source" by the dispensing body does not necessarily correspond to the microbiological quality that could be detected at sites closer to the dental clinic [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

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confidence: 99%

Water Contamination Risks at the Dental Clinic

Cicciù

2020

Biology

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Dental clinics, furnished with an array of specialized equipment, are commonplace, particularly in industrialized countries. Minimizing the risk of infection at the dental practice requires the formulation and implementation of strict protocols. These protocols must address the real risk posed by water contamination, particularly given that water is both integral to the function of some dental equipment, and is typically administered directly to the patient. The water in the dental clinic may be of local origin or from a water main, this can be problematic since the clinician often has little assurance regarding the quality of water reaching the dental chair. Though most modern dental equipment includes self-sterilization protocols, care must be taken that water does not stagnate anywhere in the dental equipment or clinic. The management of water quality at the dental clinic is an important part of respecting the protocols needed to manage the risk of patient infections.

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How to conduct variable-density sand tank experiments: practical hints and tips

Stoeckl

Houben

2023

Hydrogeol J

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Sand tank experiments are a powerful tool for the investigation and visualization of groundwater flow dynamics. Especially when studying coastal aquifers, where the presence of both fresh and saline water induces complex variable-density flow and transport processes, the controlled laboratory settings of tank experiments help scientists to identify general patterns and features. This technical note provides practical information on planning, conducting and evaluating sand tank experiments, with a focus on application to coastal hydrogeology. Materials, e.g. the sand tank itself, liquids and porous media, are discussed, as well as their handling and auxiliary equipment. The collation of hints and tips is intended to guide novices, as well as experienced researchers, and possibly prevent them from repeating the errors that have been encountered during a long history of experimental work conducted by the authors and researchers associated with many other published studies.

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Quantification of Uncertainties from Image Processing and Analysis in Laboratory-Scale DNAPL Release Studies Evaluated by Reflective Optical Imaging

Cited by 9 publications

References 79 publications

Factors Affecting Water Quality and Sustainability in Dental Practices in Greece

Factors Affecting Water Quality and Sustainability in Dental Practices in Greece

Water Contamination Risks at the Dental Clinic

How to conduct variable-density sand tank experiments: practical hints and tips

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