Quantifying and valuing carbon flows and stores in coastal and shelf ecosystems in the UK

Luisetti, Tiziana; Turner, R. Kerry; Andrews, Julian E.; Jickells, Timothy D.; Kröger, Silke; Diesing, Markus; Paltriguera, Lucille; Johnson, Martin; Parker, E. R.; Bakker, D. C. E.; Weston, Keith

doi:10.1016/j.ecoser.2018.10.013

Cited by 74 publications

(98 citation statements)

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“…Only carbon in the top 0.1 m of sediment was considered when quantifying benthic and coastal carbon stocks, following the protocol used in previous studies (Burrows et al, 2017;Diesing et al, 2017;Luisetti et al, 2019;Queirós et al, 2019). This depth does not reflect the vertical limit of carbon storage, which is likely to vary across coastal and benthic habitats with sediment type, degree of bioturbation, and sedimentation rate.…”

Section: Scope and Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous research has focused on salt marshes and seagrass beds as these are considered particularly intense carbon sinks in temperate regions (Duarte et al, 2005;Nellemann et al, 2009;Luisetti et al, 2019). Awareness of the importance of these vegetated coastal habitats as carbon sources and sinks is growing, although they continue to be under-represented in large scale carbon budgets (Duarte, 2017).…”

Section: Coastal Habitatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given the estimates of habitat area losses due to sea level rise (Nottage and Robertson, 2005;Jones et al, 2011;Luisetti et al, 2019) we calculate a decrease in the combined burial of carbon by salt marshes, mud and sand flats, and seagrass beds of between 0.3 × 10 8 and 13 × 10 8 moles of carbon per year (Supplementary Material Part C). This estimate does not include a loss of carbon stock in these habitats.…”

Section: Sea Level Risementioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is increasing interest in the role of the ocean in mitigating atmospheric CO 2 increases, both in terms of the response to increasing emissions and the opportunities for managing and even enhancing carbon storage as "negative emissions" (Gallo et al, 2017;Gattuso et al, 2018;Smale et al, 2018). Carbon sequestration has clear societal benefit and society may wish to recognize this benefit in terms of economic value, in order to protect vulnerable ecosystems, aid policy decisions or widen the market for carbon management and trading (e.g., Nellemann et al, 2009;Lau, 2013;Luisetti et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon on the Northwest European Shelf: Contemporary Budget and Future Influences

et al. 2020

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A carbon budget for the northwest European continental shelf seas (NWES) was synthesized using available estimates for coastal, pelagic and benthic carbon stocks and flows. Key uncertainties were identified and the effect of future impacts on the carbon budget were assessed. The water of the shelf seas contains between 210 and 230 Tmol of carbon and absorbs between 1.3 and 3.3 Tmol from the atmosphere annually. Offshelf transport and burial in the sediments account for 60-100 and 0-40% of carbon outputs from the NWES, respectively. Both of these fluxes remain poorly constrained by observations and resolving their magnitudes and relative importance is a key research priority. Pelagic and benthic carbon stocks are dominated by inorganic carbon. Shelf sediments contain the largest stock of carbon, with between 520 and 1600 Tmol stored in the top 0.1 m of the sea bed. Coastal habitats such as salt marshes and mud flats contain large amounts of carbon per unit area but their total carbon stocks are small compared to pelagic and benthic stocks due to their smaller spatial extent. The large pelagic stock of carbon will continue to increase due to the rising concentration of atmospheric CO 2 , with associated pH decrease. Pelagic carbon stocks and flows are also likely to be significantly affected by increasing acidity and temperature, and circulation changes but the net impact is uncertain. Benthic carbon stocks will be affected by increasing temperature and acidity, and decreasing oxygen concentrations, although the net impact of these interrelated changes on carbon stocks is uncertain and a major knowledge gap. The impact of bottom trawling on benthic carbon stocks Frontiers in Marine Science | www.frontiersin.org 1 March 2020 | Volume 7 | Article 143Legge et al.Carbon on the Northwest European Shelf is unique amongst the impacts we consider in that it is widespread and also directly manageable, although its net effect on the carbon budget is uncertain. Coastal habitats are vulnerable to sea level rise and are strongly impacted by management decisions. Local, national and regional actions have the potential to protect or enhance carbon storage, but ultimately global governance, via controls on emissions, has the greatest potential to influence the long-term fate of carbon stocks in the northwestern European continental shelf.

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Section: Scope and Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Coastal Habitatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sea Level Risementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon on the Northwest European Shelf: Contemporary Budget and Future Influences

et al. 2020

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“…In addition, warmer ocean temperatures will have significant impacts on primary productivity and the physiology of organisms inhabiting the world's oceans [34]. However, with some exceptions, e.g., [39], most of the existing approaches to estimate the future impacts of climate change rely on integrated assessment models (IAMs) that are used to estimate a social cost of carbon (SSC) based on the expected changes in social welfare associated with different levels of carbon emissions [31,57,58]. Most of these IAMs currently ignore the nonmarket values produced by CMEs and their services [56].…”

Section: Current Status Of Coastal and Marine Ecosystem (Cme) Valuationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Elusive Quest for Valuation of Coastal and Marine Ecosystem Services

Milon

Álvarez

2019

Water

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Coastal and marine ecosystem (CME) services provide benefits to people through direct goods and services that may be harvested or enjoyed in situ and indirect services that regulate and support biological and geophysical processes now and in the future. In the past two decades, there has been an increase in the number of studies and journal articles designed to measure the economic value of the world’s CME services, although there is significantly less published research than for terrestrial ecosystems. This article provides a review of the literature on valuation of CME services along with a discussion of the theoretical and practical challenges that must be overcome to utilize valuation results in CME policy and planning at local, regional, and global scales. The review reveals that significant gaps exist in research and understanding of the broad range of CME services and their economic values. It also raises questions about the validity of aggregating ecosystem services as independent components to determine the value of a biome when there is little understanding of the relationships and feedbacks between ecosystems and the services they produce. Finally, the review indicates that economic valuation of CME services has had a negligible impact on the policy process in four main regions around the world. An alternative direction for CME services research would focus on valuing the world’s CME services in a wealth accounting framework.

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Come, tell me how you live: Habitat suitability analysis for Ostrea edulis restoration

Pogoda

Hausen

Rothe

et al. 2023

Aquatic Conservation

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1. Against the background of the UN decade on ecosystem restoration and the new EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030, and in the context of marine spatial planning and complex maritime user conflicts, reliable information on habitat suitability for large-scale restoration is an important prerequisite for implementing conservation management and for supporting successful, sustainable, and ecologically efficient restoration measures.2. In this study, habitat suitability was assessed using multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) for the restoration of the European oyster, Ostrea edulis, in marine protected areas (MPAs) of the German Bight in the North Sea: Borkum Reef Ground (Borkum Riffgrund, BRG) and Sylt Outer Reef -Eastern German Bight (Sylter Außenriff, SAR).3. Based on site selection criteria, exclusion and suitability factors for the MCDA were defined. Results were integrated with the available geodata to produce habitat suitability maps for oyster restoration in the area of interest.4. Suitable as well as unsuitable habitats have been successfully identified for both MPAs: several hundred square kilometres (≥97.2% of BRG) or several thousand square kilometres (≥74.5% of SAR) were classified as ecologically and logistically suitable for oyster restoration measures in the respective MPAs. As oyster restoration is significantly limited by human activities (e.g. bottom trawl fisheries), the management of fisheries is an important prerequisite for successful oyster restoration in both MPAs. Results show that designated fishery management measures will increase the possibilities for oyster restoration.5. In BRG, our results correspond to the known historical distribution. In SAR, our results significantly exceed the historically known distribution. The habitat suitability analysis will facilitate decision-making regarding ocean use, and will

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Quantifying and valuing carbon flows and stores in coastal and shelf ecosystems in the UK

Cited by 74 publications

References 38 publications

Carbon on the Northwest European Shelf: Contemporary Budget and Future Influences

Carbon on the Northwest European Shelf: Contemporary Budget and Future Influences

The Elusive Quest for Valuation of Coastal and Marine Ecosystem Services

Come, tell me how you live: Habitat suitability analysis for Ostrea edulis restoration

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